Study Progress on Bionic Strategies and Load-bearing and Energy-absorbing Mechanisms of Honeycomb Structures

Through hundreds of millions of years of natural selection and evolution, biological systems have developed advanced natural structures and materials, with one of their core functions being to protect organisms and internal organs from damage in complex collision and impact environments. Bioinspired design strategies derived from biological systems provide innovative pathways to overcome the inherent "strength-toughness" trade-off dilemma in traditional honeycomb structures, resolve the sharp decline in load-bearing capacity caused by stress concentration, and enhance energy absorption stability. However, the multilevel cooperative deformation characteristics and cross-scale coupling mechanisms exhibited by bioinspired honeycomb structures under compressive loads pose significant challenges to constructing universal mechanical theoretical models. Systematic analysis of the morphological adaptability principles, multimodal strengthening mechanisms, and dynamic energy dissipation laws of typical biological prototypes holds critical theoretical value and engineering significance for expanding the design boundaries of bioinspired topological configurations, establishing optimization criteria for bionic strategies, and revealing structure-function mapping relationships. This paper comprehensively categorizes and summarizes five major innovative directions in bioinspired strategies for honeycomb structures: hierarchical bionic strategy, gradient bionic strategy, shape-matching strategy, bionic unit enhancement strategy, and function-oriented strategy. These strategies provide a systematic theoretical framework and technical roadmap for developing lightweight, high-strength-toughness, and high-energy-efficiency integrated energy-absorbing structures.