DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SINGLE ABLATIVE PARTICLE DYNAMICS IN NEAR-WALL COUETTE FLOW UNDER AERODYNAMIC LOAD

Li Tingting; Li Qing; Tu Guohua; Yuan Xianxu; Zhou Qiang

doi:10.6052/0459-1879-21-604

Volume 54 Issue 6

May 2022

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics > 2022 > 54(6): 1523-1532

Li Tingting, Li Qing, Tu Guohua, Yuan Xianxu, Zhou Qiang. Direct numerical simulation of single ablative particle dynamics in near-wall Couette flow under aerodynamic load. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2022, 54(6): 1523-1532 doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-21-604

Citation:

Li Tingting, Li Qing, Tu Guohua, Yuan Xianxu, Zhou Qiang. Direct numerical simulation of single ablative particle dynamics in near-wall Couette flow under aerodynamic load. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2022, 54(6): 1523-1532 doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-21-604

Citation:

PDF( 3281 KB)

DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SINGLE ABLATIVE PARTICLE DYNAMICS IN NEAR-WALL COUETTE FLOW UNDER AERODYNAMIC LOAD

doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-21-604

Li Tingting^*,
Li Qing^{†
,},
Tu Guohua^†,
Yuan Xianxu^†,
Zhou Qiang^*
,

*.
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
†.
State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China

Received Date: 2021-11-19
Accepted Date: 2022-04-06

Available Online: 2022-04-07

Publish Date: 2022-06-18

Abstract

Abstract

When hypersonic vehicles reenter the atmosphere, the surface thermal protection materials will ablate under the action of high temperature airflow. In the process, the ablative particles will entrance the high temperature airflow and affect boundary-layer transition and turbulence characteristics downstream. Those phenomena will also happen in an arc-heated wind tunnel when conducting material thermal response experiments. Therefore, it is a significant basic scientific problem to study the transport behavior of inertial ablative particles under aerodynamic load. In this article, we analyzed the flow condition and particle exfoliation process very near a hypersonic vehicle wall with dimensional theory. After a series of reasonable assumptions and simplifications, we modelled the ablative particle exfoliation and transport process as one spherical inertial particle in Couette flow and adopted the particle resolved-direct numerical simulation (PR-DNS) method to study it. As a result, the particle exfoliation and transport characteristics were revealed and a normalized expression of particle start-up velocity was obtained, which would provide theoretical basis for accurate prediction of particle mass loss in the future. The research findings show that as the particle fluid density ratio$ {\rho _r} $increases, the particle inertia St increases, and the horizontal and normal velocities of particle decrease. The larger the particle diameter is, the larger the particle inertia St is, and the horizontal velocity of the particle decreases. However, the normal velocity and displacement of the larger particle are increased. The reason is maybe larger particles receive larger Saffman lift force. Besides, the normal displacement of ablative particles is much smaller than the horizontal displacement, so the particles are mainly transported horizontally. In order to find the unified law underlying all the regularities, we defined the start-up velocity and found that the normalized particle start-up velocity is a function of the particle and fluid inertia, i.e., the particle horizontal transport velocity is the velocity of fluid or neutral buoyant particle minus the inertia correction term.
- ablative particle,
- aerodynamic load,
- PR-DNS,
- transport,
- start-up velocity

FullText(HTML)

References(40)

References

[1]	Zhang S, Li X, Zuo J, et al. Research progress on active thermal protection for hypersonic vehicles. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2020, 119: 100646 doi: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2020.100646
[2]	韩杰才, 张杰, 杜善义. 细编穿刺碳/碳复合材料超高温氧化机理研究. 航空学报, 1996, 17(5): 577-581 (Han Jiecai, Zhang Jie, Du Shanyi. Oxidation behavior of 3 D fine weaver pierced carbon/carbon composites at ultra-high temperatures. Acta Aeronautica Et Ast Ronautica Sinica, 1996, 17(5): 577-581 (in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6893.1996.05.014 Han Jiecai, Zhang Jie, Du Shanyi. Oxidation Behavior of 3 D fine weaver pierced carbon/carbon composites at ultra-high temperatures. Acta Aeronautica Et Ast Ronautica Sinica, 1996, 17(5): 577-581(in Chinese)) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6893.1996.05.014
[3]	Barrios-Lobelle A, Davuluri R, Fu R, et al. Surface oxidation of carbon/carbon composites in hypersonic environments. AIAA Scitech 2021 Forum, 2021: 1173
[4]	Wang Z, Wang J, Song H, et al. Laser ablation behavior of C/SiC composites subjected to transverse hypersonic airflow. Corrosion Science, 2021, 183: 109345 doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109345
[5]	陈卫, 伍越, 黄祯君等. 基于TDLAS的电弧风洞流场Cu组分监测. 航空学报, 2019, 40(8): 96-103 Chen Wei, Wu Yue, Huang Zhenjun, et al. Monitoring copper species in flow of arc-heated wind tunnel based on TDLAS. Acta Aeronautica Et Ast Ronautica Sinica, 2019, 40(8): 96-103 (in Chinese))
[6]	Dong Y, Pan B. In-situ 3D shape and recession measurements of ablative materials in an arc-heated wind tunnel by UV stereo-digital image correlation. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 2019, 116: 75-81 doi: 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2018.10.022
[7]	Li W, Huang H, Tian Y, et al. Nonlinear analysis on thermal behavior of charring materials with surface ablation. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2015, 84: 245-252 doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.01.004
[8]	Mortensen CH, Zhong X. Real-gas and surface-ablation effects on hypersonic boundary-layer instability over a blunt cone. AIAA Journal, 2016, 54(3): 980-998 doi: 10.2514/1.J054404
[9]	国义军, 代光月, 桂业伟等. 碳基材料氧化烧蚀的双平台理论和反应控制机理. 空气动力学学报, 2014, 32(6): 755-760 (Guo Yijun, Dai Guangyue, Gui Yewei, et al. A dual platform theory for carbon-based material oxidation with reaction-diffusion rate controlled kinetics. ACTA Aerodynamica Sinica, 2014, 32(6): 755-760 (in Chinese) Guo Yijun, Dai Guangyue, Gui Yewei, et al. A dual platform theory for carbon-based material oxidation with reaction-diffusion rate controlled kinetics. A dual platform theory for carbon-based material oxidation with reaction-diffusion rate controlled kinetics. ACTA Aerodynamica Sinica, 2014, 32(6): 755-760(in Chinese))
[10]	Bacik KA, Canizares P, Colm-cille PC, et al. Dynamics of migrating sand dunes interacting with obstacles. Physical Review Fluids, 2021, 6(10): 104308 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevFluids.6.104308
[11]	Alvarez CA, Franklin EM. Force distribution within a barchan dune. Physics of Fluids, 2021, 33(1): 013313 doi: 10.1063/5.0033964
[12]	D’Alessandro G, Hantsis Z, Marchioli C, et al. Accuracy of bed-load transport models in eddy-resolving simulations. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2021, 141: 103676 doi: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2021.103676
[13]	Fonias EN, Grigoriadis DGE. Large eddy simulation of particle-laden flow over dunes. European Journal of Mechanics-B/Fluids, 2022, 91: 38-51 doi: 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2021.09.007
[14]	Balachandar S, Eaton JK. Turbulent dispersed multiphase flow. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 2010, 42: 111-133 doi: 10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165243
[15]	Yu Z, Shao X. A direct-forcing fictitious domain method for particulate flows. Journal of Computational Physics, 2007, 227(1): 292-314 doi: 10.1016/j.jcp.2007.07.027
[16]	Cox RG, Brenner H. The slow motion of a sphere through a viscous fluid towards a plane surface—II Small gap widths, including inertial effects. Chemical Engineering Science, 1967, 22(12): 1753-1777 doi: 10.1016/0009-2509(67)80208-2
[17]	尹健, 张红波, 熊翔. C/C复合材料烧蚀性能的研究进展. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2004, 9(1): 54-59 (Yi Jian, Zhang Hongbo, Xiong Xiang. Research and development of ablative performance of C/C composites. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2004, 9(1): 54-59 (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0224.2004.01.009 Yi Jian, Zhang Hongbo, Xiong Xiang. Research and development of ablative performance of C/C composites. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2004, 9(1): 54-59(in Chinese)) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0224.2004.01.009
[18]	俞继军, 马志强, 姜贵庆等. C/C复合材料烧蚀形貌测量及烧蚀机理分析. 宇航材料工艺, 2003, 1(1): 36-39 (Yu Jijun, Ma Zhiqiang, Jiang Guiqing, et al. Pattern surface measure and ablation analysis for C/C composite material. Aerospace Materials & Technology, 2003, 1(1): 36-39 (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2330.2003.01.009 Yu Jijun, Ma Zhiqiang, Jiang Guiqing, et al. Pattern surface measure and ablation analysis for C/C composite material. Aerospace Materials & Technology, 2003, 1: 36-39(in Chinese)) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2330.2003.01.009
[19]	Zhang YL, Li HJ, Yao XY, et al. Oxidation protection of C/SiC coated carbon/carbon composites with Si-Mo coating at high temperature. Corrosion Science, 2011, 53(6): 2075-2079 doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2011.02.024
[20]	Huang HM, Huang Wu LZ, Du SY, et al. Thermochemical ablation of spherical cone during re-entry. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2001, 18(1): 18-22
[21]	任金翠. 化学气相沉积HfC纳米线增韧HfC基抗烧蚀涂层研究. [博士论文]. 西安: 西北工业大学, 2018 Ren Cuiping. HfC nanowire-toughened HfC-based ablation resistance coatings synthesized by chemical vapor deposition. [PhD Thesis]. Xi’an: Northwestern Polytechnical University, 2018 (in Chinese))
[22]	丁杰. 耐高温抗烧蚀无机颗粒改性碳/酚醛复合材料的制备与性能研究. [博士论文]. 武汉: 武汉理工大学, 2016 Ding Jie. Preparation and performance of heat-resistant and ablation-resist inorganic particles modified carbon/phenolic composites. [PhD Thesis]. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2016 (in Chinese))
[23]	Prata KS, Schwartzentruber TE, Minton TK. Air-carbon ablation model for hypersonic flight from molecular-beam data. AIAA Journal, 2022, 60(2): 627-640 doi: 10.2514/1.J060516
[24]	Balaji R, Jeyan JVML, Singh VK. Review on influence of radiating and aerodynamic shock at hypersonic vehicle. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, 1473(1): 012004 doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1473/1/012004
[25]	Carmichael R. Properties of the US standard atmosphere 1976//The US Standard Atmosphere, 2014
[26]	吴望一. 流体力学. 北京: 北京大学出版社, 1983 Wu Wangyi. Fluid Mechanics. Beijing: Peking University Press, 1983 (in Chinese)
[27]	Mehrabadi M, Horwitz JAK, Subramaniam S, et al. A direct comparison of particle-resolved and point-particle methods in decaying turbulence. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2018, 850: 336-369 doi: 10.1017/jfm.2018.442
[28]	Jin G, Wang Y, Zhang J, et al. Turbulent clustering of point particles and finite-size particles in isotropic turbulent flows. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2013, 52(33): 11294-11301
[29]	Glowinski R, Pan TW, Periaux J. A fictitious domain method for Dirichlet problem and applications. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 1994, 111(3-4): 283-303 doi: 10.1016/0045-7825(94)90135-X
[30]	Yu ZS, Shao XM, Anthony W. A fictitious domain method for particulate flows. Journal of Computational Physics. 2007, 227: 292-314
[31]	Vasseur P, Cox RG. The lateral migration of a spherical particle in two-dimensional shear flows. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1976, 78(2): 385-413 doi: 10.1017/S0022112076002498
[32]	Ho BP, Leal LG. Inertial migration of rigid spheres in two dimensional unidirectional flows. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1974, 65(2): 365-400
[33]	Wang GQ. Modulation of wall-bounded turbulent flows by large particles: effect of concentration, inertia, and shape. [PhD Thesis]. Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse, 2017
[34]	Saffman PG. The lift on a small sphere in a slow shear flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1965, 22: 385-400
[35]	Crowe C, Schwarzkopf J, Sommerfeld M, et al. Multiphase Flows with Droplets and Particles. CRC Press of Taylor & Francis Group, 2011
[36]	Legendre D, Magnaudet J. The lift force on a spherical bubble in a viscous linear shear flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1998, 368: 81-126 doi: 10.1017/S0022112098001621
[37]	Auton TR, Hunt JCR, Prud'Homme M. The force exerted on a body in inviscid unsteady non-uniform rotational flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1988, 197: 241-257 doi: 10.1017/S0022112088003246
[38]	Bagchi P, Balachandar S. Inertial and viscous forces on a rigid sphere in straining flows at moderate Reynolds numbers. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2003, 481: 105-148 doi: 10.1017/S002211200300380X
[39]	Magnaudet J, Abbas M. Near-wall forces on a neutrally buoyant spherical particle in an axisymmetric stagnation-point flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2021, 914: A18 doi: 10.1017/jfm.2020.398
[40]	Magnaudet J. Small inertial effects on a spherical bubble, drop or particle moving near a wall in a time-dependent linear flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2003, 485: 115-142 doi: 10.1017/S0022112003004464