INFLUENCE OF VORTEX CORE SIZE ON AERODYNAMIC CALCULATION OF WIND TURBINE IN FREE VORTEX WAKE METHOD

The vortex core size in the vortex core model is very important for the accurate prediction of aerodynamic characteristics of wind turbines by the free vortex wake (FVW) method. The vortex core size includes the initial radius of the vortex core and the radius variation due to the viscous dissipation effect. In the FVW method, to solve the convection equation of the vortex filaments numerically, the three-step and third-order predictor-corrector scheme was used to approximate the derivatives. The classical Lamb-Oseen model was adopted as the vortex core model in which the effects of viscous diffusion and stretching were taken into account. Firstly, the initial radius of the vortex core was determined through the analysis of the airload and the mean value of the tip vortex vorticity. Secondly, the empirical constant that reflects the increase of the vortex core radius was determined based on the tip vortex dissipation characteristics. Finally, the effect of vortex core size on the shape of tip vortex line was analysed to further verify the influence of the initial radius of the vortex core and the empirical constant that reflects the increase of the vortex core radius on aerodynamic calculation of wind turbine. The results show that when the initial vortex core size is greater than 50% of the chord length, the FVW model can produce a stabler convergent wake system and can accurately predict the blade airload. About 60% to 70% of the chord length is recommended as the initial vortex core size in order to take into account both the airload prediction and the wake dissipation characteristics. Different empirical constants of the viscous dissipation effect correspond to different initial vortex core sizes. The blade airload and the wake geometry are mainly affected by the initial vortex core size, rather than the empirical constant of the viscous dissipation effect. However, the empirical constant mainly affects the vortex disspiation characteristics in the downstream wake field.