ANALYSES ON GENERATION MECHANISM OF SKIN FRICTION IN HIGH ENTHALPY TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER

Liu Pengxin; Sun Dong; Li Chen; Guo Qilong; Yuan Xianxu

doi:10.6052/0459-1879-21-490

Volume 54 Issue 1

Jan. 2022

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Abstract

References

Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics > 2022 > 54(1): 39-47. > DOI: 10.6052/0459-1879-21-490 CSTR: 32045.14.0459-1879-21-490

Liu Pengxin, Sun Dong, Li Chen, Guo Qilong, Yuan Xianxu. Analyses on generation mechanism of skin friction in high enthalpy turbulent boundary layer. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2022, 54(1): 39-47. DOI: 10.6052/0459-1879-21-490

Citation:

PDF (2644 KB)

ANALYSES ON GENERATION MECHANISM OF SKIN FRICTION IN HIGH ENTHALPY TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER

State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics. China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China
Computational Aerodynamics Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China

Received Date: September 22, 2021
Accepted Date: November 11, 2021
Available Online: November 12, 2021

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

When flying in low or medium attitude at very high Mach number, the surface of new hypersonic vehicles will encounter the interaction between turbulence and chemical non-equilibrium, which makes the flying environment more complicated. Generation mechanism of skin friction in such high enthalpy turbulent boundary layer is the fundamental scientific problem. The clarification of this mechanism can serve guidance for the drag reduction design, which has a significant engineering practical value. This work chose the flow condition after the leading shock of a cone in hypersonic flight, and performed direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulent boundary including chemical non-equilibrium effect. The low enthalpy case under the same boundary condition was set as a comparison. The RD (Renard & Deck) decomposition was utilized to analyse the dominant generation process of skin friction. The profiles of the integrand functions of main contributors were compared in detail. The influence of chemical non-equilibrium on the generation mechanism of skin friction was investigated. Furtherly, quadrant analysis technique was utilized to analyse the dominant flow events of turbulence kinetic energy production term in RD decomposition. The results show that the steaks scales of skin friction fluctuation are reduced both in streamwise and spanwise directions due to the chemical non-equilibrium effect. The molecular viscous dissipation term and the turbulence kinetic energy production term are the two main contributors to the generation of skin friction. The former mainly works in the near wall region, and the influence of high enthalpy is applied through its average portion. The profile of the integrand function of the molecular viscous dissipation term is different between high- and low enthalpy cases. The results of quadrant analysis show that the ejection and sweep events are the dominant processes for the latter term.
- high enthalpy,
- turbulent boundary layer,
- skin friction,
- RD decomposition,
- quadrant analysis

FullText(HTML)

References (37)

References

[1]	Candler GV. Rate effects in hypersonic flows. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 2019, 51: 379-402 doi: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-010518-040258
[2]	Wright R, Zoby E. Flight boundary layer transition measurements on a slender cone at Mach 20. AIAA Paper, No. 77-719, 1977
[3]	Duan L, Martin MP. Direct numerical simulation of hypersonic turbulent boundary layers. Part 4: Effect of high enthalpy. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2011, 684: 25-59
[4]	Duan L, Martin MP. Assessment of turbulence–chemistry interaction in hypersonic turbulent boundary layers. AIAA Journal, 2011, 49(1): 172-184 doi: 10.2514/1.J050605
[5]	Kim P. Non-equilibrium effects on hypersonic turbulent boundary layers. [PhD Thesis]. Los Angeles: University of California, 2016
[6]	刘朋欣, 袁先旭, 孙东等. 高温化学非平衡湍流边界层直接数值模拟. 航空学报, 2020, doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.24877 Liu Pengxin, Yuan Xianxu, Sun Dong, et al. DNS of high-temperature turbulent boundary layer with chemical nonequilibrium. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2020, doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.24877 (in Chinese)
[7]	刘朋欣, 李辰, 孙东等. 高温化学非平衡湍流边界层统计特性分析. 空气动力学报, 2021, doi: 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2020.0178 Liu Pengxin, Li Chen, Sun Dong, et al. Statistical properties of high-temperature turbulent boundary layer including chemical nonequilibrium. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2021, doi: 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2020.0178 (in Chinese)
[8]	吴正园, 莫凡, 高振勋等. 湍流边界层与高温气体效应耦合的直接数值模拟. 空气动力学报, 2020, 38(6): 1111-1119 (Wu Zhengyuan, Mo Fan, Gao Zhenxun, et al. Direct numerical simulation of turbulent and high-temperature gas effect coupled flow. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2020, 38(6): 1111-1119 (in Chinese)
[9]	Renzo MD, Urzay J. Direct numerical simulation of a hypersonic transitional boundary layer at suborbital enthalpies. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2021, 912: A29 doi: 10.1017/jfm.2020.1144
[10]	Urazay J, Renzo MD. Engineering aspects of hypersonic turbulent flows at suborbital enthalpies. In: Annual Research Briefs, Center for Turbulence Research, Stanford University, 2021: 7-32
[11]	Passiatore D, Sciacovelli L, Cinnella P, et al. Finite-rate chemistry effects in turbulent hypersonic boundary layers: a direct numerical simulation study. Physical Review Fluids, 2021, 6: 054604 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevFluids.6.054604
[12]	Volpiani PS. Numerical strategy to perform direct numerical simulations of hypersonic shock/boundary-layer interaction in chemical nonequilibrium. Shock Waves, 2021, 31: 361-378 doi: 10.1007/s00193-021-01018-6
[13]	Fukagata K, Iwamoto K, Kasagi N. Contribution of Reynolds stress distribution to the skin friction in wall-bounded flows. Physics of Fluids, 2002, 14(11): 73-76 doi: 10.1063/1.1516779
[14]	Renard N, Deck S. A theoretical decomposition of mean skin friction generation into physical phenomena across the boundary layer. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2016, 790: 339-367 doi: 10.1017/jfm.2016.12
[15]	Mehdi F, White CM. Integral form of the skin friction coefficient suitable for experimental data. Experiments in Fluids, 2011, 50(1): 43-51 doi: 10.1007/s00348-010-0893-1
[16]	Mehdi F, Johansson TG, White CM, et al. On determining wall shear stress in spatially developing two-dimensional wall-bounded flows. Experiments in Fluids, 2014, 50(1): 1656
[17]	Modesti D, Priozzoli S, Orlandi P, et al. On the role of secondary motions in turbulent square duct flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2018, 847: 11-111
[18]	Yoon M, Ahn J, Hwang J, et al. Contribution of velocity-vorticity correlations to the frictional drag in wall-bounded turbulent flows. Physics of Fluids, 2016, 28(8): 081702 doi: 10.1063/1.4961331
[19]	Hwang J, Sung HJ. Influence of large-scale motions on the frictional drag in a turbulent boundary layer. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2017, 829: 751-779 doi: 10.1017/jfm.2017.579
[20]	Kim JS, Hwang J, Yoon M, et al. Influence of a large-eddy breakup device on the frictional drag in a turbulent boundary layer. Physics of Fluids, 2017, 29(6): 065103 doi: 10.1063/1.4984602
[21]	Li WP, Fan YT, Modesti D, et al. Decomposition of the mean skin-friction drag in compressible turbulent channel flows. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2019, 875: 101-123 doi: 10.1017/jfm.2019.499
[22]	Fan YT, Li WP, Priozzoli S. Decomposition of the mean friction drag in zero-pressure-gradient turbulent boundary layers. Physics of Fluids, 2019, 31: 086105 doi: 10.1063/1.5111009
[23]	Li Q, Liu PX, Zhang HX. Further investigations on the interface instability between fresh injections and burnt products in 2-D rotating detonation. Computers and Fluids, 2018, 170: 261-272 doi: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2018.05.005
[24]	Sun D, Guo QL, Li C, et al. Assessment of optimized symmetric fourth-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme in direct numerical simulation of compressible turbulence. Computers and Fluids, 2020, 197: 104383 doi: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2019.104383
[25]	Sun D, Guo QL, Yuna XX, et al. Decomposition formula for the wall heat flux of a compressible boundary layer. Advances in Aerodynamics, 2021, 3: 33
[26]	Sun D, Guo QL, Yuan XX, et al. Direct numerical simulation of effects of a micro-ramp on a hypersonic shock wave/boundary layer interaction. Physics of Fluids, 2019, 31(12): 126101 doi: 10.1063/1.5123453
[27]	Sun D, Chen JQ, Li C, et al. On the wake structure of a micro-ramp vortex generator in hypersonic flow. Physics of Fluids, 2020, 32(12): 126111 doi: 10.1063/5.0030975
[28]	Liu PX, Guo QL, Sun D, et al. Wall effect on the flow structures of three-dimensional rotating detonation wave. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2020, 45(53): 29546-29559 doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.07.196
[29]	Castro M, Costa B, Don WS. High order weighted essentially non-oscillatory WENO-Z schemes for hyperbolic conservation laws. Journal of Computational Physics, 2011, 230: 1766-1792 doi: 10.1016/j.jcp.2010.11.028
[30]	Gupta RN, Yos JM, Thomson RA, et al. A review of reaction rates and thermodynamic and transport properties for an 11-species air model for chemical and thermal nonequilibrium calculations to 30000 K. NASA RP-1232, 1990
[31]	Menter FR. Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications. AIAA Journal, 1994, 32(8): 1598-1605 doi: 10.2514/3.12149
[32]	Adler MC, Gonzalez DR, Stack CM, et al. Synthetic generation of equilibrium boundary layer turbulence from modeled statistics. Computers and Fluids, 2018, 165: 127-143 doi: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2018.01.003
[33]	Prozzoli S, Bernardini M, Grasso F. Characterization of coherent vortical structures in a supersonic turbulent boundary layer. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2008, 613: 2005-2031
[34]	Tong FL, Chen JQ, Sun D, et al. Wall-shear stress fluctuations in a supersonic turbulent boundary layer over an expansion corner, Journal of Turbulence, 2020, 21(7): 1-20
[35]	Hutchins N, Marusic I. Evidence of very long meandering features in the logarithmic region of turbulent boundary layers. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2007, 579: 1-28 doi: 10.1017/S0022112006003946
[36]	Lu SS, Willmarth WW. Measurements of the structure of the Reynolds stress in a turbulent boundary layer. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1973, 60: 481-511
[37]	Tichenor NR, Humble RA, Bowersox RDW. Response of a hypersonic turbulent boundary layer to favorable pressure gradients. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2013, 722: 187-213

Cited By

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Article Metrics

Article views (827) PDF downloads (187)

ANALYSES ON GENERATION MECHANISM OF SKIN FRICTION IN HIGH ENTHALPY TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER

Abstract

References

Catalog

Article Metrics

Related

Download Center

Author Center

ANALYSES ON GENERATION MECHANISM OF SKIN FRICTION IN HIGH ENTHALPY TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER

Abstract

References

Catalog

Article Metrics

Related

Download Center

Author Center

Export File

Citation

Format

Content