青光眼发病机理--筛板变形研究进展

张婷; 李龙; 宋凡

doi:10.6052/0459-1879-18-321

青光眼发病机理--筛板变形研究进展

doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-18-321

张婷^*†,,
李龙^*†,
宋凡^*†2),

* 中国科学院力学研究所非线性力学国家重点实验,北京 100190
? 中国科学院大学,北京 100049

基金项目: 1)国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0501601);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B)类(XDB22040102);国家自然科学基金项目资助.(11472285)

详细信息

通讯作者:
宋凡

中图分类号: Q66
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-09-29
- 刊出日期: 2019-09-18

PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS OF GLAUCOMA------RESEARCH PROCESS ON THE DEFORMATION OF LAMINA CRIBROSA

Zhang Ting^{*†
,},
Li Long^*†,
Song Fan^{*†2)
,}

* The State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
? University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,China

摘要

摘要: 青光眼是世界上第一大不可逆致盲眼病.其病变与眼内压直接相关,控制眼内压是目前控制青光眼发展的唯一有效途径,但发病的确切机制尚未明确.现已证实,青光眼的原发部位是巩膜筛板：由筛板前后分别承受的眼内压与颅内压产生的压力差会导致筛板结构与形态发生变化,进而挤压穿过筛板的视觉神经,造成视觉神经损伤,产生不可逆的视觉损失.因此,青光眼的发病机理与筛板的力学特性及其周围的力学环境密切相关.自从筛板被确定为青光眼视神经损害的原发部位,筛板便成为该领域的研究热点.其中,通过建立筛板力学模型,研究眼内压与颅内压作用下筛板的受力变形,进而分析筛板变形对视神经的损伤,有助于揭示青光眼视神经损伤机制及青光眼的发病机理.本文将从相关实验、理论和计算以及临床等方面介绍青光眼发病机理中筛板变形的研究进展以及目前存在的问题.
- 青光眼 /
- 筛板 /
- 变形 /
- 视神经损伤 /
- 力学模型
Abstract: Glaucoma is the first cause of irreversible blinding eye disease in the world. Glaucomatous optic nerve damage is directly associated with the intraocular pressure, and tight control of intraocular pressure is still the only therapeutic approach available for the treatment of glaucoma, while the pathogenesis of glaucoma remains unknown. It has now been confirmed that the primary site of glaucoma is the lamina cribrosa: the pressure difference between the intraocular pressure and intracranial pressure respectively exerted on the anterior and posterior surfaces of lamina cribrosa can cause the change in the structure and morphology of lamina cribrosa, then the deformation of lamina cribrosa squeezes the optic nerves passing through the lamina cribrosa to make their damages; and finally, the damages produce irreversible visual loss. As a result, the pathogenesis of glaucoma is essentially associated with the mechanical properties of lamina cribrosa and mechanical environment surrounding the lamina cribrosa. Since lamina cribrosa was identified as the primary site of glaucomatous optic nerve damage, it has become the hot spot of glaucomatous optic nerve damage research. As an effective method, we can study the deformation of lamina cribrosa under the effect of intraocular pressure and intracranial pressure by developing mechanical model of lamina cribrosa, and analyze the effect of the deformation of lamina cribrosa on the optic nerve damage. This method has helped us to reveal the mechanism of glaucomatous optic nerve damage and the pathogenesis of glaucoma to some extent. This review will introduce the research progress and the present existing problems on the deformation of lamina cribrosa during glaucoma from the related experimental, theoretical, computational and clinical aspects.
- glaucoma /
- lamina cribrosa /
- deformation /
- optic nerve injury /
- mechanical model

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