风力机叶片翼型动态试验技术研究

李国强; 张卫国; 陈立; 聂博文; 张鹏; 岳廷瑞

doi:10.6052/0459-1879-18-108

风力机叶片翼型动态试验技术研究

doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-18-108

李国强^1,2,*, ,,
张卫国²,
陈立¹,
聂博文²,
张鹏²,
岳廷瑞²

1中国空气动力研究与发展中心空气动力学国家重点实验室, 四川绵阳 621000
2 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力学研究所, 四川绵阳 621000;

基金项目: 装备预先研究专用技术项目 (30103010304,30103010301)和国家“973”计划项目(2014CB046200)资助.

详细信息

作者简介:
^*李国强, 助理研究员, 主要研究方向: 低速风洞试验‒翼型动态试验技术. E-mail:liguoqiang5169299@126.com

通讯作者:
李国强

中图分类号: O355;
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出版历程
- 刊出日期: 2018-07-18

RESEARCH ON DYNAMIC TEST TECHNOLOGY FOR WIND TURBINE BLADE AIRFOIL

1State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics , China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center , Mianyang 621000, Sichuan , China
2 Low Speed Aerodynamics Institute , China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center , Mianyang 621000, Sichuan , China;

摘要

摘要: 风力机叶片动态振荡过程往往伴随着俯仰和横摆同时进行, 以前对许多动态问题不清楚的阶段, 工程上不惜以增加叶片重量为代价而采用偏安全的设计, 通常忽略横摆振荡的影响; 大型风力机设计对获取翼型更加全面、准确的动态载荷提出了更高要求, 研究横摆振荡对翼型动态气动特性的影响规律具有重要意义. 本文首次开展翼型横摆振荡动态风洞试验研究, 采用“电子凸轮”技术代替机械凸轮实现了振荡频率和振荡角度的无级变化, 基于设计的电子外触发装置实现了对动态流场的实时测量, 实现了风洞来流、模型角位移和动态压力数据的同步采集, 分别开展了翼型静态测压、俯仰/横摆动态测压、粒子图像测速和荧光丝线等试验研究, 试验结果准度较高、规律合理; 分析了动态试验洞壁干扰影响机制. 研究表明, 横摆振荡翼型的气动曲线也存在明显迟滞效应; 随着振荡频率升高, 翼型俯仰和横摆振荡下的气动迟滞性均增强; 翼型俯仰振荡正行程的动态失速涡破裂有所延迟; 洞壁与模型端部交界处的强三维效应对翼型压力分布影响较大; 建立的横摆振荡试验技术可为风力机动态掠效应的研究提供技术支撑.
- 风力机 /
- 翼型 /
- 横摆振荡 /
- 测压 /
- 风洞试验
Abstract: The dynamic oscillation process of wind turbine blades is usually accompanied by pitching and yaw. Due to the unclear understanding of many dynamic problems previously, a safer design is adopted at the expense of increasing the weight of the blade structure in engineering, usually neglecting the influence of the yaw oscillation. The design of large wind turbines has put forward higher requirements for obtaining more comprehensive and accurate dynamic loads of airfoils. It is of great significance to study the influence of yaw oscillation on the dynamic aerodynamic characteristics of airfoil. In view of this, the dynamic wind tunnel test on yaw oscillation of airfoil is carried out in this paper for the first time. The “electronic cam” technology is used instead of the mechanical cam to realize the stepless adjustment of oscillation frequency and oscillation angle. Based on the designed electronic external trigger device, the real-time measurement of the dynamic flow field is realized. Meanwhile, the synchronous acquisition of wind tunnel flow, model angular displacement and dynamic pressure data is realized. Furthermore, the static pressure measurement, pitching / yaw dynamic pressure measurement, PIV and fluorescent wire test are carried out respectively. The accuracy of the test results is high, and the regular pattern is reasonable. Besides, the influence mechanism of wall interference in dynamic test is analyzed. Research shows that: there is also obvious hysteresis effect on the dynamic aerodynamic parameters of yaw oscillation airfoil with the changing of the angle of attack. And with the increase of oscillation frequency, the aerodynamic hysteresis characteristics of the airfoil under pitching and yaw oscillation are all enhanced. The dynamic stall vortex at the positive stroke is delayed due to the pitching oscillation. The pressure distribution of the airfoil is greatly influenced by the strong three-dimensional effect at the intersection of the wind tunnel wall and the model tip. Overall, the dynamic test technique of yaw oscillation established in this paper can provide technical support for the study of the dynamic swept effect of the wind turbines.
- wind turbine /
- airfoil /
- yaw oscillation /
- pressure measurement /
- wind tunnel test

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