小行星撞击地球的超高速问题

柳森; 党雷宁; 赵君尧; 白智勇; 黄洁; 李毅; 石义雷

doi:10.6052/0459-1879-18-313

小行星撞击地球的超高速问题

中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所,四川绵阳 621000

详细信息

作者简介:
null

1) 柳森,研究员,主要研究方向：超高速空气动力学和超高速碰撞动力学. E-mail: liusen@cardc.cn

通讯作者:
柳森

中图分类号: P185;
计量
- 文章访问数: 3449
- HTML全文浏览量: 678
- PDF下载量: 637
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-09-22
- 刊出日期: 2018-11-17

HYPERVELOCITY ISSUES OF EARTH IMPACT BY ASTEROIDS

Hypervelocity Aerodynamics Institute of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 小行星撞击地球是人类生存面临的潜在威胁之一.在小行星进入地球大气与撞击地球表面过程中,存在烧蚀、解体、空中爆炸、火球、撞击成坑、反溅碎片云、地震以及海啸等一系列复杂的物理化学和力学现象.本文梳理和归纳了与这些现象相关的超高速空气动力学问题和超高速碰撞动力学问题.小行星进入地球大气的超高速空气动力学问题有：极高速($V = 12 ~ 20$km/s)进入条件下的气动力与轨迹,极高速进入条件下的小行星气动加热与烧蚀机理,极高速气动加热条件下的小行星结构传热与热响应,极高速进入条件下的高温气体效应,小行星进入过程的物理特征.小行星撞击地球的超高速碰撞动力学问题有：陆地撞击成坑与反溅碎片云,海洋撞击与海啸,撞击过程的地震效应.由于小行星撞击地球与超高速飞行器的再入过程在速度、材料和结构上存在较大差异,针对这些超高速问题,现有的研究手段在地面试验和数值计算两方面都存在不足.最后,从小行星进入地球大气的弹道方程、质量损失方程、解体判据和解体模型等出发,初步建立了小行星进入与撞击效应分析评估模型,并对Chelyabinsk和Tunguska两次流星事件进行了分析,重构了进入与爆炸解体过程,评估了空爆火球在地面所导致的超压和热辐射损伤.
- 小行星 /
- 撞击地球 /
- 超高速空气动力学 /
- 超高速碰撞动力学
Abstract: Asteroid impact on the Earth is one of the potential threats to human beings. There are a series of complex physical, chemical and mechanical phenomena in the process of asteroids entry to the earth's atmosphere and impacting the earth's surface, such as ablation, disintegration, airburst, fireballs, impact craters, ejecta debris, earthquakes, and tsunamis. In this paper, scientific issues on hypervelocity aerodynamics and hypervelocity impact dynamics behind these phenomena are summarized and discussed. The hypervelocity aerodynamic issues include: aerodynamic forces and trajectory during ultra-high velocity ($V =12 ~ 20$ km/s) entry, aerodynamic heating and ablation mechanism of asteroids, heat transfer and thermal response of asteroid structure, high-temperature gas effects, physical characteristics of asteroid entry process. The hypervelocity impact dynamics include: cratering and ejecta debris of land impact, ocean impact and tsunamis, earthquake effects caused by impact. Because the entry and impact process of asteroid and man-made hypervelocity flight vehicles are quite different in velocity, material and structure, the existing research methods are insufficient in both ground test and numerical calculation. Finally, based on trajectory equations, mass loss equation, criterion of fragmentation and model of fragmentation, a model for analysis and evaluation of asteroid entry and impact effect is established, and the Chelyabinsk and Tunguska events are analyzed and reconstructed, together with the overpressure and thermal radiation damage caused by fireballs.
- asteroid /
- Earth impact /
- hypervelocity aerodynamics /
- hypervelocity impact dynamics

HTML全文

参考文献(1)

[1]	赵海斌. 近地小行星探测和危险评估. [博士论文]. 北京: 中国科学院研究生部, 2008
[1]	(Zhao Haibin.Survey and risk assessment of near earth asteroids. [PhD Thesis]. Beijing: Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Science, 2008 (in Chinese))
[2]	.
[3]	Harris AW, D’Abramo G. The population of near-earth asteroids. Icarus, 2015, 257: 302-312
[4]	Collins GS, Melosh HJ, Marcus RA.Earth impact effects program: a web-based computer program for calculating the regional environmental consequences of a meteoroid impact on earth. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 2005, 40(Nr6): 817-840
[5]	Mathias DL, Wheeler LF, Dotson JL.A probabilistic asteroid impact risk model: assessment of sub-300m impact. Icarus, 2017, 289: 106-119
[6]	Vasilyev NV.The tunguska meteorite problem today. Planetary and Space Science, 1998, 46(2-3): 129-150
[7]	Zotkin IT, Tsikulin MA.Simulation of the explosion of the tungus meteorite. Soviet Physics Doklady, 1966, 11: 183-186
[8]	Chyba CF, Thomas PJ, Zahnle KJ.The 1908 tunguska explosion: atmospheric disruption of a stony asteroid. Nature, 1993, 361: 40-44
[9]	Popova OP, Jenniskens P, Emel’yanenko V, et al.Chelyabinsk airburst, damage assessment, meteorite recovery and characterization. Science, 2013, 342(6162): 1069-1073
[10]	Borovi$\check{c}$ka J, Spurn$\acute{y}$ P, Brown P, et al. The trajectory, structure and origin of the chelyabinsk asteroidal impactor. Nature, 2013, 503(7475): 235-237
[11]	Schulte P, Alegret L, Arenillas I, et al.The chicxulub asteroid impact and mass extinction at the cretaceous-paleogene boundary. Science, 2010, 327: 1214-1218
[12]	Gupta SC, Ahrens TJ, Yang WB.Shock induced vaporization of anhydrite and global cooling from the KT impact. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2001, 188(34): 399-412
[13]	秦丽荣. 对”天外来客”吉林陨石保护问题的初步探讨. 博物馆研究, 2013, 4: 87-91
[13]	(Qin Lirong.A preliminary study on the protection of Jilin meteorite. Museum Research, 2013, 4: 87-91 (in Chinese))
[14]	刘雪奇, 孙海彬, 孙胜利. 近地小行星防御策略分析. 深空探测学报, 2017, 4(6): 557-563
[14]	(Liu Xueqi, Sun Haibin, Sun Shengli.Analysis of defense strategies of near-earth asteroids. Journal of Deep Space Exploration, 2017, 4(6): 557-563 (in Chinese))
[15]	Li B, Zhao HB.Distribution of PSF of the near earth object survey telescope. Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2013, 37(1): 97-106
[16]	王斌, 赵海斌, 李斌. 基于图像位移叠加方法探测暗弱小行星. 天文学报, 2017, 58(5): 95-107
[16]	(Wang Bin, Zhao Haibin, Li Bin.Detection of faint asteroids based on image shifting and stacking method. Acta Astronomica Sinica, 2017, 58(5): 95-107 (in Chinese))
[17]	李俊峰, 曾祥远. 不规则小行星引力场内的飞行动力学. 力学进展, 2017, 47: 201712
[17]	(Li Junfeng, Zeng Xiangyuan.Flight dynamics in the gravitational fields of irregular asteroids. Advance in Mechanics, 2017, 47: 201712 (in Chinese))
[18]	Baoyin HX, Li JF.A survey on orbit and navigation of asteroid missions. Acta Mechanica Sinica, 2014, 30(3): 282-293
[19]	李飞, 孟林智, 王彤等. 国外近地小行星撞击地球防御技术研究. 航天器工程, 2015, 24(2): 87-95
[19]	(Li Fei, Meng Linzhi, Wang Tong, et al.Summary of near Earth asteroid defense technology. Spacecraft Engineering, 2015, 24(2): 87-95 (in Chinese))
[20]	马鹏斌, 宝音贺西. 近地小行星威胁与防御研究现状. 深空探测学报, 2016, 3(1): 10-17
[20]	(Ma Pengbin, Baoyin Hexi.Research status of the near-earth asteroids' hazard and mitigation. Journal of Deep Space Exploration, 2016, 3(1): 10-17 (in Chinese))
[21]	黄川, 傅容珊.小行星撞击对地球的上地幔对流的影响.地球物理学报, 2014, 57(5): 1534-1542
[21]	(Huang Chuang, Fu Rongshan.Perturbations of Earth's upper mantle convection caused by asteroid impact. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2014, 57(5): 1534-1542 (in Chinese))
[22]	李毅, 陈鸿, 兰胜威等. 一种提升近地小行星防御中拦截效率的方法. 航天器环境工程, 2017, 34(6): 585-592
[22]	(Li Yi, Chen Hong, Lan Shengwei, et al.A method to improve interception efficiency in the defense against near-Earth asteroids. Spacecraft Environment Engineering, 2017, 34(6): 585-592 (in Chinese))
[23]	柳森, 黄洁, 李毅等. 小行星撞击地球的超高速气动与碰撞问题//全国第一届行星防御研讨会,绵阳, 2018
[23]	(Liu Sen Huang Jie, Li Yi, et al. Hyervelocity aerodynamics and impact dynamics issues of earth impact by asteroids//1st National Conference on Planetary Defense, Mianyang, 2018 (in Chinese))
[24]	柳森, 黄洁, 李毅等. 行星防御中的超高速问题//香山科学会议, 北京, 2018
[24]	(Liu Sen, Huang Jie, Li Yi, et al.Hyervelocity issues of planetary defense//Xiangshan Scientific Conference, Beijing, 2018 (in Chinese))
[25]	李毅, 柳森, 陈鸿等. NTS软件在近地小行星撞击与防御中的应用 // 全国第一届行星防御研讨会,绵阳, 2018
[25]	(Li Yi, Liu Sen, Chen Hong, et al.Application of NTS software on planetary defense //1st National Conference on Planetary Defense, Mianyang, 2018 (in Chinese))
[26]	石卫波. 小行星进入三维瞬态传热有限元计算初步研究//全国第一届行星防御研讨会, 绵阳, 2018
[26]	(Shi Weibo.3D transient heat transfer of asteroids during entry to Earth //1st National Conference on Planetary Defense,Mianyang, 2018 (in Chinese))
[27]	李海燕. 流星体进入地球大气辐射加热数值分析//全国第一届行星防御研讨会, 绵阳, 2018
[27]	(Li Haiyan.Numerical analysis on radiating heating of meteoroids during entry to Earth //1st National Conference on Planetary Defense, Mianyang Sichuan, 2018 (in Chinese))
[28]	$\ddot{O}$pik EJ. Physics of Meteor Flight in the Atmosphere. New York: Interscience Publishers Inc., 1958
[29]	Tsien HS.Superaerodynamics, mechanics of rarefied gases. J Aero Sci, 1964, 13(12): 653-664
[30]	杨彦广, 李明, 李中华等.高超声速飞行器跨流域气动力/热预测技术研究.空气动力学学报, 2016, 34(1): 5-13
[30]	(Yang Yanguang, Li Ming, Li Zhonghua, et al.Aerodynamics force/heating measurement on hypersonic vehicle across different flow regions. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2016, 34(1): 5-15 (in Chinese))
[31]	Allen GA, Prabhu DK Jr., Saunders DA.Trajectory simulation of meteors assuming mass loss and fragmentation //1st International Workshop on PHA Characterization, Atmospheric Entry and Risk Assessment, NASA Ames Research Center, California, 2015
[32]	BoroviKa1 J, Kalenda P. The Morávka meteorite fall : 4 meteoroid dynamics and fragmentation in the atmosphere. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 2003, 38, Nr 7: 1023-1043
[33]	Wheeler LF, Register PJ, Mathias DJ.A fragment-cloud model for asteroid breakup and atmospheric energy deposition. Icarus, 2017, 295: 149-169
[34]	Mehta PM, Minisci E, Vasile M.Break-up modelling and trajectory simulation under uncertainty for asteroids //4th IAA Planetary Defense Conference, Rome, Italy, 2015
[35]	Revelle DO.Recent advances in bolide entry modeling: A bolide potpourri. Earth, Moon, and Planets, 2004, 95(1-4): 441-476
[36]	Hills JG, Goda MP.The fragmentation of small asteroids in the atmosphere. The Astronomical Journal, 1993, 105(3): 1114-1144
[37]	Passey QR, Melosh HJ.Effects of atmospheric breakup on crater field formation. Icarus, 1980, 42: 211-233
[38]	Prabhu D, Saunders D, Agrawal P, et al.Thermophysics issues relevant to highspeed earth entry of large asteroids //AIAA SciTech 2016: Special Session: Aerothermodynamics of Meteor Entries, San Diego, USA, 2016
[39]	Johnston CO, Stern EC.Impact of coupled radiation and ablation on the aerothermodynamics of meteor entries //47th AIAA Thermophysics Conference, Denver, USA, 2017
[40]	Johnston CO, Gnoffo PA, Sutton K.The influence of ablation on radiative heating for earth entry. Journal of Spacecraft and Rocket, 2009, 46(3): 481-491
[41]	陈坚强, 涂国华, 张毅锋等.高超声速边界层转捩研究现状与发展趋势. 空气动力学学报, 2017, 35(3): 311-337
[41]	(Chen Jianqiang, Tu Guohua, Zhang Yifeng, et al.Hypersonic boundary layer transition: what we know, where shall we go. Acta Aerodynamics Sinica, 2017, 35(3): 311-337 (in Chinese))
[42]	Roy CJ, Blottner FG.Review and assessment of turbulence models for hypersonic flows: 2d/asymmetric cases. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2006, 42(7-8): 469-530
[43]	Mason BH.Meteorites . American Scientist, 1967, 55(4): 429-455
[44]	Macke RJ.Survey of meteorite physical properties: density, porosity and magnetic susceptibility. [PhD Thesis]. Orlando, USA: University of Central Florida, 2010
[45]	Bryson KL, Agrawal P, Ostrowski DR, et al.Fracture characterization of meteorites //78th Annual Meeting of Meteoritical Socity, California, USA, 2015
[46]	Popova O, Borovi$\check{c}$ka J, Hartmann WK, et al. Very low strengths of interplanetary meteoroids and small asteroids. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 2011, 46(Nr10): 1525-1550
[47]	Weibull WA, Sweden S.A statistical distribution function of wide applicability. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 1951, 18: 293-297
[48]	Artemieva NA, Shuvalov VV.Motion of a fragmented meteoroid through the planetary atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2011, 106(E2): 3297-3309
[49]	Park C, Brown J.Modeling of spreading of meteoroid fragments //50th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, Nashville, USA, 2012
[50]	Paul J, Register A, Donovan L, et al.Asteroid fragmentation approaches for modeling atmospheric energy deposition . Icarus, 2017, 284: 157-166
[51]	Johnston CO, Brandis AM. Aerothermodynamic characteristics of 16-22 km/s earth entry. AIAA Paper 2015-3110, 2015
[52]	Stern EC.Entry modeling for asteroid threat assessment //61st Course of Hypersonic Meteoroid Entry Physics, Sicily, Italy, 2017
[53]	McBride BJ, Zehe MJ, Gordon S. NASA glenn coefficients for calculating coefficients for calculating thermodynamic properties of individual species. NASA TP 2002--211556
[54]	Wright MJ, Bose D, Palmer G.Recommended collision integrals for transport property computations part 1: Air species. AIAA Journal, 2005, 43(12): 2558-2564
[55]	Wright MJ, Hwang H.Recommended collision integrals for transport property computations part 2: mars and venus entries. AIAA Journal, 2007, 45(1): 281-288
[56]	Gnoffo PA, Gupta RN, Shinn JL.Conservation equations and physical models for hypersonic air flows in thermal and chemical nonequilibrium. NASA-TP-2867, 1989
[57]	Lee JH. Basic governing for the flight regimes of aeroassisted orbital transfer vehicles . AIAA Paper 1984-1729, 1984
[58]	Popova O, Shuvalov V, Jenniskens P.Simulations of the entry and damaging effects of asteroid impacts. NASA Ames Planetary Defense Workshop, 2015
[59]	Nemeca M, Aftosmis MJ, Brown PG.Numerical prediction of meteoric infrasound signatures . Planetary and Space Science, 2017, 140: 11-20
[60]	Brown PG, Kalendad P, Revelle DO, et al. The Morávka meteorite fall: 2. interpretation of infrasonic and seismic data. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 2003, 38, Nr 7: 989-1003
[61]	丁宁. 撞击坑中央隆起构造研究. [博士论文]. 武汉: 中国地质大学, 2016
[61]	(Ding Ning.Structure of the central uplift complex of impact craters. [PhD Thesis]. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences, 2016 (in Chinese))
[62]	Hamilton CJ. Terrestrial Impact Craters. 2001
[63]	Melosh HJ.Impact Cratering: A Geologic Process. London, UK: Oxford University Press, 1989
[64]	游振东, 刘嵘. 陨石撞击构造作用的研究现状与前景. 地质力学学报, 2008, 14(1): 22-32
[64]	(You Zhendong, Liu Rong.Research on impact tectonics and impactites: Status and prospects. Journal of Geomechanics, 2008, 14(1): 22-32 (in Chinese))
[65]	Ivanov BA, Bazilevskiy AT, Sazonova LV.Formation of the central uplift in meteoric craters. NASA TM-88427, 1986
[66]	马配学, 穆治国. 陨石撞击、环境灾变与生物绝灭. 科学中国人, 1997(6): 49-51
[66]	(Ma Peixue, Mu Zhiguo.Meteorite impact, environmental catastrophe and biological extinction. Scientific Chinese, 1997(6): 49-51 (in Chinese))
[67]	张庆明,黄风雷. 从慧木碰撞谈地球安全. 中国安全科学学报, 1995(1): 21-26
[67]	(Zhang Qingming, Huang Fenglei.Effects on the earth resulted from the impact of planetoid. China Safety Science Journal, 1995(1): 21-26 (in Chinese))
[68]	Pierazzo E, Melosh HJ.Hydrocode modeling of oblique impacts: the fate of the projectile. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 2000, 35(1): 117-130
[69]	Stewart ST, Ahrens TJ.Porosity effects on impact processes in solar system materials //Conference on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter, Utah, USA, 1999
[70]	Saito T, Kaiho K, Abe A, et al.Numerical simulations of hypervelocity impact of asteroid/comet on the Earth. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2006, 33(1): 713-722
[71]	Pierazzo E.Assessing atmospheric water injection from oceanic impacts //36th Annual Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Texas, USA, 2005
[72]	Dawsona AG, Stewartb I.Tsunami deposits in the geological record. Sedimentary Geology, 2007, 200(3-4): 166-183
[73]	Ward SN, Asphaug E.Impact tsunami-Eltanin. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2002, 49(6): 1073-1079
[74]	苏旸. 小天体撞击灾害. 自然灾害学报, 2001(3): 119-125
[74]	(Su Yang. The impact hazard of small objects. Journal of Natural Disasters, 2001(3): 119-125 (in Chinese))
[75]	Melosh HJ.Impact-generated tsunamis: An over-rated hazard //34th Annual Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Texas, USA, 2003
[76]	Frank L, Marren D.Advanced hypersonic test facilities. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, inc, USA, 2002
[77]	Philippe R.Survey of high-enthalpy shock facilities in the perspective of radiation and chemical kinetics investigations. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2016, 85: 1-32
[78]	Caristia S, De Filippis F, Del Vecchio A.Scirocco PWT facility for high temperature resistant material assembies test //54th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation, the International Academy of Astronautics, and the International Institute of Space Law, Bremen, Germany, 2003
[79]	Smith RK. Cunningham J. A survey of current and future plasma arc-heated test facilities for aerospace and commercial applications. AIAA Paper 1998-0146, 1998
[80]	.
[81]	杨超, 孙泉华. 高温气体热化学反应的 DSMC 微观模型分析. 力学学报, 2018, 50(4): 722-733
[81]	(Yang Chao, Sun Quanhua.Analysis of DSMC reaction models for high temperature gas simulation. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2018, 50(4): 722-733 (in Chinese))
[82]	李中华,党雷宁,李志辉.高超声速化学非平衡流动Navier-Stokes/DSMC耦合算法. 航空学报, 2018, 39(10): 122229
[82]	(Li Zhonghua, Dang Leining, Li Zhihui.Study on Navier-Stokes/DSMC hybrid numerical method with chemical non-equilibrium for hypersonic flow. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2018, 39(10): 122229 (in Chinese))
[83]	吴俊林. 热化学非平衡Boltzmann模型方程统一算法与返回舱再入跨流域应用研究. [博士论文]. 中国绵阳:中国空气动力研究与发展中心研究生部, 2018
[83]	(Wu Junlin.Study of gas-kinetic unified algorithm based on thermochemical non- equilibrium boltzmann model equation and application for re-entry flows of spacecraft capsule covering various flow regimes. [PhD Thesis]. Mianyang: Graduate faculty of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, 2018 (in Chinese))
[84]	Artemieva1 NA, Shuvalov VV. From tunguska to chelyabinsk via jupiter . Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 2016, 44: 37-56
[85]	Palmer G, White T, Barnhardt M, et al. Direct coupling of the NEQAIR radiation and DPLR CFD codes . AIAA Paper, 2010-5051, 2015
[86]	Schill W, Wasem JV, Owen JM.Modelling and simulation of cratering and ejecta production during high velocity impacts. Journal of Dynamic Behavior of Materials, 2017, 3(2): 1-9
[87]	Motiwala SA, Mathias DL, Mattenberger CJ.An integrated physics-based risk model for assessing the asteroid threat //International Topical Meeting on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Analysis, Idaho, USA, 2015
[88]	Vinh NS.Flight Mechanics of High-Performance Aircraft. London: Cambridge University Press, 1999
[89]	Glasstone S, Dolan PJ.The Effects of Nnuclear Weapons, 3rd edition. Washington DC: United States Department of Defense and Department of Energy, 1977

施引文献(16)

期刊类型引用(15)

1.	洪宇，陈永强，蔡铤彬，常笑，徐良，景红宝. 近地小行星撞击事件处置规则与处置流程. 空间科学学报. 2024(02): 287-298 . 百度学术
2.	党雷宁，白智勇，石义雷，黄洁 . 小行星撞击地球危害评估研究进展. 力学进展. 2024(03): 563-605 . 百度学术
3.	李海涛，辛晓生. 近地天体防御模拟推演分析与启示. 深空探测学报(中英文). 2023(04): 443-452 . 百度学术
4.	石卫波，党雷宁，罗跃，孙海浩，黄洁. 电弧加热器试验条件下铁质小行星材料烧蚀机理分析. 深空探测学报(中英文). 2023(04): 436-442 . 百度学术
5.	罗仕超，张志刚，柳军，龚红明，胡守超，吴里银，常雨，庄宇，李贤，黄成扬. 高温热化学非平衡气动热试验与仿真技术研究进展. 力学学报. 2023(11): 2439-2452 . 本站查看
6.	廖祜明，龚自正，宋光明，樊宗岳，杨宏涛，黎波. OTM/HOTM极限力学仿真在小行星防御中的应用. 空间碎片研究. 2022(03): 5-18 . 百度学术
7.	党雷宁，柳森，白智勇，石义雷. 小行星进入与撞击效应评估模型敏感性研究. 力学学报. 2021(01): 278-292 . 本站查看
8.	宋光明，武强，陈川，龚自正，张品亮，曹燕，杨武霖. 国外近地小行星在轨处置任务分析与设计软件研究进展. 空间碎片研究. 2021(02): 27-34 . 百度学术
9.	刘文近，张庆明，马晓荷，龙仁荣，任健康，龚自正，武强，任思远. 近地小天体对地撞击成坑模型研究进展. 爆炸与冲击. 2021(12): 119-134 . 百度学术
10.	党雷宁，梁世昌，黄洁，柳森. 吉林松原流星进入大气层过程及对地面的影响分析. 空间碎片研究. 2021(04): 62-71 . 百度学术
11.	罗跃，王磊，党雷宁，刘进博，张军，柳森. 模拟Chelyabinsk小行星进入的烧蚀实验. 力学学报. 2020(05): 1362-1370 . 本站查看
12.	孙云厚，张鏖，吴华杰，李凤玲，李勇. 弹体高速撞击过程中的能量效应研究. 防护工程. 2020(02): 33-39 . 百度学术
13.	杜向南，杨震. 航天器单脉冲机动可达域求解算法. 力学学报. 2020(06): 1621-1631 . 本站查看
14.	司震，钱霙婧，杨晓东，张伟. 基于参激共振的受摄小行星悬停轨道设计方法. 力学学报. 2020(06): 1774-1788 . 本站查看
15.	耿淑娟，周炳红，韩鹏，郑伟，李明涛. 小天体撞击地球大气层的空爆问题研究. 空间碎片研究. 2019(03): 35-42 . 百度学术

其他类型引用(1)

资源附件(0)

计量

文章访问数: 3449
HTML全文浏览量: 678
PDF下载量: 637
被引次数: 16

小行星撞击地球的超高速问题

作者简介:
null

1) 柳森,研究员,主要研究方向：超高速空气动力学和超高速碰撞动力学. E-mail: liusen@cardc.cn

通讯作者:
柳森

计量

HYPERVELOCITY ISSUES OF EARTH IMPACT BY ASTEROIDS

期刊类型引用(15)

其他类型引用(1)

计量

目录

下载中心

作者中心

小行星撞击地球的超高速问题

作者简介: null1) 柳森,研究员,主要研究方向：超高速空气动力学和超高速碰撞动力学. E-mail: liusen@cardc.cn

通讯作者: 柳森

计量

出版历程

HYPERVELOCITY ISSUES OF EARTH IMPACT BY ASTEROIDS

期刊类型引用(15)

其他类型引用(1)

计量

出版历程

目录

下载中心

作者中心

作者简介:
null

1) 柳森,研究员,主要研究方向：超高速空气动力学和超高速碰撞动力学. E-mail: liusen@cardc.cn

通讯作者:
柳森