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高超声速边界层液膜演化过程和冷却机理研究

骆寅涛 韩桂来 钱丽娟 姜宗林 刘美宽

骆寅涛, 韩桂来, 钱丽娟, 姜宗林, 刘美宽. 高超声速边界层液膜演化过程和冷却机理研究. 力学学报, 2023, 55(5): 1039-1052 doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-512
引用本文: 骆寅涛, 韩桂来, 钱丽娟, 姜宗林, 刘美宽. 高超声速边界层液膜演化过程和冷却机理研究. 力学学报, 2023, 55(5): 1039-1052 doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-512
Luo Yintao, Han Guilai, Qian Lijuan, Jiang Zonglin, Liu Meikuan. Study on hypersonic boundary layer liquid film evolution and cooling mechanism. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2023, 55(5): 1039-1052 doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-512
Citation: Luo Yintao, Han Guilai, Qian Lijuan, Jiang Zonglin, Liu Meikuan. Study on hypersonic boundary layer liquid film evolution and cooling mechanism. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2023, 55(5): 1039-1052 doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-512

高超声速边界层液膜演化过程和冷却机理研究

doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-512
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(12132017, 11872066, 11727901)和国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3207000)资助项目
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    韩桂来, 研究员, 主要研究方向为高超声速气动热、气动力研究. E-mail: hanguilai@imech.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: O354.7

STUDY ON HYPERSONIC BOUNDARY LAYER LIQUID FILM EVOLUTION AND COOLING MECHANISM

  • 摘要: 高超声速液膜冷却技术是通过一系列狭缝或孔洞压出冷却工质, 在飞行器表面边界层形成一层低温冷却膜, 阻止高超声速气流对飞行器的气动加热. 其作为一种主动冷却方式在高超声速飞行器表面热防护有着巨大的应用潜力. 文章采用数值方法, 结合VOF模型, 研究25 km飞行高度和Ma=5气流条件下的液膜铺展情况, 并通过不同冷却工质的入射速度、角度、表面张力和黏性系数条件, 讨论了液膜在平板上的演化过程和冷却机理. 结果表明, 在气流作用下, 液膜向壁面下游发展, 液膜的存在导致边界层分离, 连续液膜会在一定位置断裂为液块, 然后进一步破碎为液滴. 入射条件和液体性质的改变, 会影响液膜沿流向的发展, 具体表现在连续液膜断裂点的位置和连续液膜的厚度. 在所设定的计算域内, 壁面热流降低了80% ~ 95%, 液膜对壁面的冷却效率随着液膜形态的变化而变化.

     

  • 图  1  物理模型

    Figure  1.  Physical model

    图  2  初始网格和自适应网格

    Figure  2.  Initial grid and adaptive grid

    图  3  3种细化网格下的液膜形态

    Figure  3.  Liquid film morphology under three refined meshes

    图  4  数值计算方法验证

    Figure  4.  Verification of numerical calculation method

    图  5  (a) 壁面上冷却液膜的形态演化和(b)连续液膜的形态分布

    Figure  5.  (a) Morphological evolution of the liquid coolant film on the wall and (b) morphological distribution of the continuous liquid film

    5  (a) 壁面上冷却液膜的形态演化和(b)连续液膜的形态分布 (续)

    5.  (a) Morphological evolution of the liquid coolant film on the wall and (b) morphological distribution of the continuous liquid film (continued)

    图  6  速度和压力随界面的时间演化

    Figure  6.  Velocity and pressure evolution with interface time

    图  7  不同入射速度下的液膜形态变化

    Figure  7.  Morphology changes of liquid film at different incident velocities

    图  8  破碎距离和液膜厚度随入射条件和物性参数的变化情况

    Figure  8.  Changes of breaking distance and liquid film thickness with incident conditions and physical parameters

    8  破碎距离和液膜厚度随入射条件和物性参数的变化情况 (续)

    8.  Changes of breaking distance and liquid film thickness with incident conditions and physical parameters (continued)

    图  9  不同入射速度下的液膜形态变化

    Figure  9.  Morphology changes of liquid film at different incident velocities

    图  10  入射角为90°条件下的液膜形态

    Figure  10.  Liquid film morphology at an incident angle of 90°

    图  11  不同表面张力下的液膜形态变化

    Figure  11.  Morphology changes of liquid film under different surface tension

    图  12  不同黏性系数下的液膜形态变化

    Figure  12.  Morphology changes of liquid film under different viscosity coefficients

    图  13  (a) 多个典型工况下的壁面热流分布, (b) 工况 3 与无液膜平板的壁面热流分布和(c) 工况 3 与无液膜平板在三个横截面下的近壁温度对比

    Figure  13.  (a) Wall heat flow distribution under multiple typical working conditions, (b) wall heat flow distribution between working condition 3 and the plate with no liquid film and (c) comparison of the near-wall temperature at three cross-sections for case 3 and the flat plate withoutliquid film

    图  14  连续液膜段的温度云图与相界面

    Figure  14.  Temperature clouds and phase interface of continuous liquid film section

    14  连续液膜段的温度云图与相界面 (续)

    14.  Temperature clouds and phase interface of continuous liquid film section (continued)

    图  15  (a) 无液膜平板的温度云图, (b) 工况 3 液膜破碎前的温度云图, (c) 工况 3 液膜破碎后的温度云图和(d) 工况 1 液膜破碎后的温度云图

    Figure  15.  (a) Temperature cloud diagram of a plate without liquid film, (b) temperature cloud map before liquid film breakage in working condition 3, (c) temperature cloud map after liquid film breakage in working condition 3 and (d) temperature cloud diagram after liquid film breakage in workingcondition 1

    图  16  不同参数下的壁面热流演化

    Figure  16.  Evolution of wall heat flow under different parameters

    表  1  工况参数

    Table  1.   Operating parameters

    Incident velocity/(m·s−1)Incident angle/(°)Surface tensionKinetic viscosity/(Pa·s)
    10.214.00.0721.0 × 10−3
    20.414.00.0721.0 × 10−3
    30.614.00.0721.0 × 10−3
    40.814.00.0721.0 × 10−3
    51.014.00.0721.0 × 10−3
    60.611.40.0721.0 × 10−3
    70.618.40.0721.0 × 10−3
    80.626.60.0721.0 × 10−3
    90.690.00.0721.0 × 10−3
    100.614.00.0481.0 × 10−3
    110.614.00.0961.0 × 10−3
    120.614.00.0727.50 × 10−4
    130.614.00.0721.25 × 10−3
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  典型工况下壁面的热量传递

    Table  2.   Heat transfer on the wall under typical working conditions

    Conditionplategas film collingcondition 3condition 5condition 7condition 9
    Heat transfer/W182150931624854893
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  各工况对壁面的热量传递

    Table  3.   Heat transfer to the wall under different working conditions

    Condition12345678910111213
    Heat transfer/W5243503650324979494150434960493546385085501651304935
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-10-27
  • 录用日期:  2023-03-01
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-03-02
  • 刊出日期:  2023-05-18

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