扩张尾裙对跨介质航行器高速入水转平弹道特性影响

刘喜燕; 罗凯; 袁绪龙; 任伟

doi:10.6052/0459-1879-22-427

扩张尾裙对跨介质航行器高速入水转平弹道特性影响

doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-427

刘喜燕^*,
罗凯^*,
袁绪龙^*, ,,
任伟^†

*.
西北工业大学航海学院, 西安 710072
†.
中国兵器航空弹药研究院, 哈尔滨 150030

基金项目: 国家重点实验室基金资助项目(6142604190401)

详细信息

通讯作者:
袁绪龙, 副教授, 主要研究方向为跨介质航行力学. E-mail: yuanxulong@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O352
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-13
- 录用日期: 2022-11-25
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-18

INFLUENCE OF EXPANSION STERNS ON THE FLATTING TRAJECTORY CHARACTERISTICS OF A TRANS-MEDIA VEHICLE DURING HIGH SPEED WATER ENTRY

Liu Xiyan^*,
Luo Kai^*,
Yuan Xulong^{*
, ,},
Ren Wei^†

*.
School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
†.
Aviation Ammunition Research Institute, Norinco Group, Harbin 150030, China

摘要

摘要: 扩张尾裙是影响跨介质航行器高速入水转平弹道及其稳定性的关键因素. 采用流体体积多相流模型和动网格技术, 建立了跨介质超空泡航行器高速入水多相流场弹道耦合计算方法, 并通过试验验证了计算方法的准确性和适用性. 通过对跨介质航行器高速入水转平过程进行数值模拟研究, 获得尾裙外形对航行器入水转平过程中空泡发展形态、流体动力特性与弹道特性的影响, 并分析尾裙扩张角度对高速入水转平弹道的影响规律. 结果表明: 不同预置舵角下的无尾裙外形航行器在入水转平过程中, 攻角持续增大, 最终导致弹道发散, 带尾裙外形航行器在入水后尾裙沾湿形成了恢复力矩, 获得了稳定的入水转平弹道; 设计的1.5°, 6°, 8°尾裙角度的航行器形成了稳定滑水、单侧尾拍以及双侧尾拍3种弹道特征, 且均能实现稳定高速入水转平弹道; 稳定滑水弹道原理为预置舵角与尾裙滑水耦合作用下达到的动态平衡, 该弹道综合阻力系数最小, 转弯效率最高, 动载荷最小, 是跨介质航行器高速入水的理想弹道转平形式.
- 跨介质航行器 /
- 高速入水 /
- 扩张尾裙 /
- 转平弹道 /
- 空化
Abstract: The expansion stern is an important factor affecting the flatting trajectory and its stability of a trans-media vehicle during high speed water entry and turning flat process. In this paper, based on the fluid volume multiphase flow model and dynamic mesh technology, the coupling calculation method of multiphase flow field and trajectory of the trans-media supercavitating vehicle entering water at high speed is established. The accuracy and applicability of the numerical calculation method are verified by the experiments. Through the numerical simulation study on the high speed water entry and turning flat process of the trans-media vehicle, the influence of the expansion stern on the cavity development morphology, hydrodynamic characteristics and trajectory characteristics of the vehicle during the water entry and turning flat process is obtained, and the influence of the cone angle of expansion sterns on the flatting trajectory during high speed water entry is analyzed. The results show that when the vehicle without the expansion stern entering water and turning flat under the different preset rudder angles, the angle of attack increases continuously, eventually leading to the divergence of the flatting trajectory. After the vehicle with the expansion stern entering water, the recovery moment is formed when the expansion stern is wetted, and the stable flatting trajectory is obtained. The vehicles with different expansion stern cone angles (1.5°, 6°, 8°) have formed three different kinds of trajectory characteristics: stable planing, single-sided tail-slapping and double-sided tail-slapping, and all of them can achieve stable flatting trajectory. The principle of stable planing trajectory is the dynamic balance under the coupling effect of the preset rudder angle and expansion stern planing. This trajectory has the smallest comprehensive drag coefficient, the highest flatting efficiency and the smallest dynamic load, which is an ideal flatting trajectory form for the trans-media vehicle during high speed water entry.
- trans-media vehicle /
- high speed water entry /
- expansion stern /
- flatting trajectory /
- cavitation

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图 1 跨介质航行器示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of trans-media vehicle

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图 2 计算域及其边界条件

Figure 2. Computational domain and boundary conditions

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图 3 重点区域网格划分细节

Figure 3. Local grid refinement

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图 4 网格数量及计算步长影响

Figure 4. Influence of grid number and time steps

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图 5 试验模型

Figure 5. Experimental model

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图 6 试验和仿真结果对比

Figure 6. Comparison of results between experiment and simulation

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图 7 试验和仿真数据验证

Figure 7. Comparison of experimental and simulated data

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图 8 入水-转平过程空泡特征

Figure 8. Characteristics of cavitation in process of entering the water and turning to flat

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图 9 滑水运动受力示意图

Figure 9. Schematic diagram of forces in water planing

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图 10 航行器各部分流体动力特性

Figure 10. Hydrodynamic characteristics of vehicle

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图 11 俯仰角速度曲线

Figure 11. Pitching angular velocity curve

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图 12 运动特性曲线

Figure 12. Motion characteristics curve

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图 13 升力系数

Figure 13. Lift coefficient

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图 14 不同尾裙外形的载荷特性

Figure 14. Load characteristics of different expansion stern shape

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图 15 不同工况下的弹道特性

Figure 15. Ballistic characteristics under different working conditions

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表 1 跨介质航行器主要尺寸参数

Table 1. Main parameters of trans-media vehicle

Parameter	Value	Unit
D_cavitator	15	mm
D_cylinder	65	mm
L_cone	385	mm
L_cylinder	350	mm
L_{expansion stern}	65	mm
L	1000	mm

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表 2 不同预置舵角下临界失稳攻角

Table 2. Critical instability angle of attack at different preset rudder angles

Preset rudder angle/(°)	Time/ms	Critical instability angle of attack/(°)
5	21.8	2.437
10	18	2.397
20	16.6	2.354

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表 3 工况表

Table 3. Working condition table

Case	v/(m·s⁻¹)	Entry angle/(°)	Expansion stern cone angle/(°)
1	150	10	1.5
2	150	10	6
3	150	10	8

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表 4 空泡特征

Table 4. Cavity characteristics

Ballistic characteristics	Cavity characteristics
stable planing
single-sided tail-slapping
double-sided tail-slapping

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表 5 不同工况下的载荷峰值

Table 5. Peak load under different working conditions

Case	A_xmax/g	A_ymax/g	A_xmax/A_ymax
1	40.39	73.06	1.81
2	47	113.3	2.41
3	62.73	109.3	1.74

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表 6 不同工况下的俯仰运动特性

Table 6. Pitching motion characteristics under different working conditions

Case	Increment of pitching angle/(°)	Range of angular velocity oscillation/((°)·s⁻¹)	Average angular velocity /((°)·s⁻¹)
1	20.35	121.2 ~ 275.9	205.16
2	10.8	−323.7 ~ 491.8	90.09
3	11	−470.7 ~ 536.8	91.31

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表 7 弹道参数

Table 7. Ballistic parameters

Case	v_final/(m·s⁻¹)	y/L	x/L
1	120	0.49	11.3
2	116	1.14	15.9
3	102	1.21	15.35

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