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基于磁补偿实验的微重力下毛细管内动态流动特性研究

金宇鹏 肖明堃 邱一男 王天祥 杨光 黄永华 吴静怡

金宇鹏, 肖明堃, 邱一男, 王天祥, 杨光, 黄永华, 吴静怡. 基于磁补偿实验的微重力下毛细管内动态流动特性研究. 力学学报, 2022, 54(12): 3408-3417 doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-346
引用本文: 金宇鹏, 肖明堃, 邱一男, 王天祥, 杨光, 黄永华, 吴静怡. 基于磁补偿实验的微重力下毛细管内动态流动特性研究. 力学学报, 2022, 54(12): 3408-3417 doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-346
Jin Yupeng, Xiao Mingkun, Qiu Yi’nan, Wang Tianxiang, Yang Guang, Huang Yonghua, Wu Jingyi. Investigation on fluid dynamics in a capillary tube under microgravity based on the magnetic compensation experiment. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2022, 54(12): 3408-3417 doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-346
Citation: Jin Yupeng, Xiao Mingkun, Qiu Yi’nan, Wang Tianxiang, Yang Guang, Huang Yonghua, Wu Jingyi. Investigation on fluid dynamics in a capillary tube under microgravity based on the magnetic compensation experiment. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2022, 54(12): 3408-3417 doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-346

基于磁补偿实验的微重力下毛细管内动态流动特性研究

doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-346
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金 (51936006, 52276013)和航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室基金(SKLTSCP202005, 02021A16297)资助项目
详细信息
    作者简介:

    杨光, 副教授, 主要研究方向: 多相流动与低温传热. E-mail: y_g@sjtu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TQ028.8

INVESTIGATION ON FLUID DYNAMICS IN A CAPILLARY TUBE UNDER MICROGRAVITY BASED ON THE MAGNETIC COMPENSATION EXPERIMENT

  • 摘要: 微重力环境下流体由于受到毛细力的主导作用, 其流动特性相较于地面常重力环境有着本质上的不同. 基于磁补偿原理, 在地面上建立了具有高可调性的微重力模拟流动实验台, 通过将实验数据与理论模型进行对比的方法验证了实验系统的准确性, 并对不同等效重力水平下竖直毛细管内水基磁流体的动态流动行为进行研究. 实验数据与两种采用不同动态接触角模型的理论模型解的平均相对偏差分别为7.1%和13.7%, 验证了利用磁补偿方法开展微重力流动研究的可行性. 进一步, 定量研究了管径大小、等效重力水平以及接触角等因素对毛细管内动态流动特性的影响. 在近似零重力的环境下, 可将动态流动过程分成三个阶段: 即液面高度h先后与t2, t, $\sqrt t $成线性关系. 管径对毛细爬升过程的影响复杂, 其对流动的影响并不随着管径呈线性变化, 在不同的流动阶段对流速的影响规律也不相同. 等效重力加速度越大, 水基磁流体在管内的毛细爬升能力越差, 且越难观察到第一毛细爬升阶段的存在. 相同条件下, 流体的前进接触角越大, 其毛细爬升速率越小.

     

  • 图  1  磁补偿实验装置图片

    Figure  1.  The magnetic compensation experimental device

    图  2  实验腔体内部示意图

    Figure  2.  Schematic diagram of the inside of the experimental chamber

    图  3  磁流体在不同表面上的前进接触角测量

    Figure  3.  Forward contact angle measurement of magnetic fluid on different surfaces

    图  4  管径2 mm石英玻璃管内水基磁流体爬升示意图

    Figure  4.  Schematic diagram of water-based magnetic fluid climbing in a quartz glass tube with a diameter of 2 mm

    图  5  0 (±5.0 × 10−4)g环境下1, 2, 4 mm管径石英玻璃管实验结果与理论模型的对比

    Figure  5.  Comparison of experimental results and theoretical models in quartz glass tubes for diameters of 1,2,4 mm in 0 (±5.0 × 10−4)g environment

    图  6  不同管径石英玻璃管内的毛细爬升过程

    Figure  6.  Capillary climbing process in quartz glass tubes with different diameters

    图  7  不同管径石英玻璃管内的毛细爬升速度−时间的无量纲化

    Figure  7.  Dimensionless representation of velocity-time for quartz glass tubes with different diameters

    图  8  等效重力水平对管内毛细爬升的影响(重力水平不确定度±5.0 × 10−4g)

    Figure  8.  Influence of equivalent environmental gravity level on capillary climb in tubes (the gravity uncertainty is ±5.0 × 10−4g)

    图  9  0.15 s内不同等效环境重力下的石英玻璃管内毛细爬升过程(重力水平不确定度 ±5.0 × 10−4g)

    Figure  9.  Capillary climbing process in quartz glass tubes under different equivalent environmental gravity within 0.15 s (the gravity uncertainty is ±5.0 × 10−4g)

    图  10  不同材质的管内毛细爬升

    Figure  10.  Capillary climb in tubes with different materials

    表  1  体积比为40/60的水基磁流体/去离子水溶液的物性参数

    Table  1.   Physical properties of water-based magnetic fluid/deionized water solution with a volume ratio of 40/60

    Physical property
    (measurement error)
    ρ/(kg·m−3)
    (2%)
    σ/(mN·m−1)
    (2%)
    ν/(mPa·s)
    (2%)
    αa1/(°)
    (±5%)
    αa2/(°)
    (±5%)
    Result116336.20.936688
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-11-30
  • 录用日期:  2022-10-18
  • 修回日期:  2021-11-30
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-10-19
  • 刊出日期:  2022-12-15

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