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高岳, 王涛, 严子铭, 柳占立, 庄茁. 页岩气高效开采中钻井完井和水力压裂的关键力学问题. 力学学报, 2022, 54(8): 2248-2268. DOI: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-251
引用本文: 高岳, 王涛, 严子铭, 柳占立, 庄茁. 页岩气高效开采中钻井完井和水力压裂的关键力学问题. 力学学报, 2022, 54(8): 2248-2268. DOI: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-251
Gao Yue, Wang Tao, Yan Ziming, Liu Zhanli, Zhuang Zhuo. Key mechanical problems of well drilling and completion and hydraulic fracture in highly efficient extraction of shale gas. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2022, 54(8): 2248-2268. DOI: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-251
Citation: Gao Yue, Wang Tao, Yan Ziming, Liu Zhanli, Zhuang Zhuo. Key mechanical problems of well drilling and completion and hydraulic fracture in highly efficient extraction of shale gas. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2022, 54(8): 2248-2268. DOI: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-251

页岩气高效开采中钻井完井和水力压裂的关键力学问题

KEY MECHANICAL PROBLEMS OF WELL DRILLING AND COMPLETION AND HYDRAULIC FRACTURE IN HIGHLY EFFICIENT EXTRACTION OF SHALE GAS

  • 摘要: 本文研究了在页岩气高效开采中钻井完井和水力压裂缝网改造的关键力学问题. 提出了页岩多孔弹性介质的本构、强度和断裂韧性的各向异性模型, 指出了微观均匀假设与微观各向同性假设在页岩多孔弹性本构中的简化应用, 给出了横观各向同性多孔弹性岩石材料常数的简化测量方案, 讨论了基于修正的能量最大释放率下裂纹扩展的弱面模型, 提出了裂纹扩展禁止区现象. 阐述了钻井完井过程中的多孔弹性介质井壁稳定性和剪切破坏的时间效应, 提供了多种破坏模式下井壁许可压力范围的显式表达式, 并与传统广义胡克定律得到结果对比. 给出了水平井水力压裂缝网改造技术, 包含水力压裂的大物模实验技术、水力压裂过程中基于扩展有限元与有限体积法的耦合流体/固体/裂缝扩展的数值模拟方法, 并与黏性主导的水力压裂解析解结果对比, 针对性分析了川渝地区的水力压裂施工现场实践应用问题. 建立了基于数据驱动的页岩气采收率预测方法, 指出了机器学习中极限梯度爬升法在小数据集情况下的有效性.

     

    Abstract: The key mechanical problems of well drilling and completion, and hydraulic fracture network reformation are studied in the highly efficient extraction of shale gas. The anisotropic constitution, strength and fracture toughness of poroelastic medium in shale are demonstrated. The micro-homogenous and micro-isotropic assumptions are discussed, and the material constants measurement of the transversely isotropic poroelastic rock is analyzed. The fracture propagation in the weak plane model with the maximum energy release rate criterion is discussed. The time-related shear failure models of borehole wall stability in the poroelastic medium are discussed during well drilling and completion. Eight failure modes of the well drilling problem are discussed, and the allowable borehole pressures are given with explicit expressions. The technologies of hydraulic fracture network reformation for horizontal wells are shown, including the experimental method of hydraulic fracture in a large physical model, the numerical simulation based on the extended finite element method and finite volume method for fluid/solid/fracture coupling during fracking process, and a field application of hydraulic fracturing on site in Sichuan-Chongqing region. Based on the data-driving method, a prediction model of shale gas recovery ratio is developed, and the effectiveness of the extreme gradient boosting method for the small dataset is discussed,.

     

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