Thermodynamic analysis of the tropical cyclone
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摘要: 通过对热带气旋的热力学分析与计算, 发现热带气旋的能量主要来源于水蒸气凝结所释放的潜热. 气旋内外的温度差异使其产生了做功能力, 形成了一个热力循环, 该热力循环的效率在一定高度范围内随温度的增高有一个最大值: 对于一定的气旋底部温度,在饱和空气温度较低时, 其效率随着高度的增加存在极大值; 而当温度较高时, 则其效率随着高度一直增加. 当海面环境温度在33oC~34oC时, 效率达到最大值, 约为7.4%. 而输出功则随着温度的增加而一直增加, 因而气旋强度随着环境温度的增高而增大.
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关键词:
- 热力循环
Abstract: Thermal dynamic model of the tropical cyclone wassuggested in the paper. With the model, the thermal dynamic characteristicsof the tropical cyclone were analyzed. It is found that the energy totropical cyclone was provided by the steams condense. The steam condensingcauses the forming of circle, which outputs the power of the tropicalcyclone. This circle efficiency reaches the maximum peak with itstemperature increase within a certain height range. If the bottomtemperature is constant, the circle efficiency increases to be the maximumand then falls down with the increase of the height when the saturationtemperature is lower. However, when the saturation temperature is higher,the circle efficiency increases constantly with the increase of the height.When the ambient temperature at the sea surface in the range of 33~34oC, the efficiency achieves the maximum of about 7.4%. While theoutput power of the typhoon increases at all times with the temperatureincreasing. This indicates that the frequency and strength of the typhoonwill accelerate with the ambient temperature.-
Key words:
- thermal circuit
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