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余永亮, 童秉纲, 马晖扬. 昆虫拍翼方式的非定常流动物理再探讨[J]. 力学学报, 2005, 37(3): 257-265. DOI: 10.6052/0459-1879-2005-3-2004-137
引用本文: 余永亮, 童秉纲, 马晖扬. 昆虫拍翼方式的非定常流动物理再探讨[J]. 力学学报, 2005, 37(3): 257-265. DOI: 10.6052/0459-1879-2005-3-2004-137
Unsteady flow mechanisms revisited in insect flapping flight[J]. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2005, 37(3): 257-265. DOI: 10.6052/0459-1879-2005-3-2004-137
Citation: Unsteady flow mechanisms revisited in insect flapping flight[J]. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2005, 37(3): 257-265. DOI: 10.6052/0459-1879-2005-3-2004-137

昆虫拍翼方式的非定常流动物理再探讨

Unsteady flow mechanisms revisited in insect flapping flight

  • 摘要: 基于提出的理论模化方法来探讨昆虫拍翼方式的非定常流动物理. 以悬停飞行为例,通过对拍翼运动的分析,不仅解释了昆虫利用高频拍翼的方式为何能够克服低雷诺数带来的气动局限性(St \gg 1/Re),而且还指出高升力产生和调节的3个流动控制因素:(1) 由于拍翼的变速运动即时引起了流体动力响应,这种附加惯性效应可产生瞬时的高升力; (2) 保持前缘涡不脱离翼面有助于减少升力的下降;(3) 增大后缘涡的强度并加速其脱离后缘能够有效地提高升力.

     

    Abstract: The unsteady flow mechanisms of insect flapping flight arerevisited with the theoretical modeling approach proposed. Accordingto analysis of the flapping motion in insect hovering flight, it is revealedthat, limitations of the aerodynamic lift at low Reynolds numbers may bereleased by the highly unsteady condition in insect wing flapping, in whichcase the controlling parameter is the Strouhal number (St \gg 1/Re).Furthermore,in the present theoretical modeling study, three factors have been found inlift generation and regulation: (1) the remarkable instantaneous addedinertial effect is excited by the high unsteadiness of wing flapping; (2)keeping the leading edge vortex on the upper wing surface can avoid liftdecreasing; (3) enhancing the strength of the trailing edge vortex andaccelerating its shedding can produce high lift.

     

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