聚变堆相关的液态金属膜流初步实验研究

倪明玖; 阳倦成; 任东伟; 刘佰奇; 齐天煜; 胡建生; 李建刚

doi:10.6052/0459-1879-18-367

聚变堆相关的液态金属膜流初步实验研究

doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-18-367

倪明玖^*†2), ,,
阳倦成^†,
任东伟^*,
刘佰奇^*,
齐天煜^*,
胡建生^**,
李建刚^**

^*中国科学院大学工程科学学院, 北京 100049
^†西安交通大学航天航空学院机械结构强度与振动国家重点实验室, 西安 710049
^**中国科学院等离子体物理研究所, 合肥 230031

基金项目: 1) 国家自然科学基金(51636009, 51776166), 科技部磁约束聚变能专项(2013GB114000) 和中科院先导专项(XDB22040201) 资助项目.

详细信息

作者简介:
null

2) 倪明玖, 教授, 主要研究方向: 磁流体力学. E-mail: mjni@ucas.ac.cn

通讯作者:
倪明玖

中图分类号: O361.3;
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-11-05
- 刊出日期: 2018-11-18

PRELIMINARY EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE LIQUID METAL FILM FLOW RELATED WITH FUSION NUCLEAR

^*School of Engineering of Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
^†State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanic Structures, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 100190, China
^**Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China

摘要

摘要: 在磁约束核聚变堆的面对等离子部件设计中,液态金属锂膜流因具有带走杂质、保护面对等离子固壁等优点而被认为是优选方案之一. 然而,如何克服聚变堆中强磁场环境下产生的磁流体力学效应并形成大面积均匀铺展锂膜流动是目前亟需解决的问题.本文通过搭建室温液态镓铟锡回路和高温液态锂回路,开展了两种不同特性的液态金属膜流实验, 并采用传统可视化方法获得了展向磁场存在时镓铟锡和锂在导电底板形成的液膜流动表面特征.实验结果表明: 无磁场时,两种液态金属膜流流动表面波动特性与常规流体膜流均一致, 即随着流动雷诺数的增加表面波动变得更为混乱; 而展向磁场存在时,镓铟锡膜流表面波动变得更为规则, 且沿着磁场方向平行排列,表现为拟二维波动的特征; 而锂膜流却产生了明显的磁流体力学阻力效应,表现为在流动方向局部产生锂滞留现象, 且滞留点随雷诺数增大向下游移动. 最后通过膜流受力分析,进一步阐述了锂膜流受到比镓铟锡膜流更为严重磁流体力学效应影响的原因.
- 液态金属 /
- 液膜流动 /
- 表面波 /
- 磁约束核聚变 /
- 磁流体力学
Abstract: Liquid lithium film flow is a superior choice for the plasma facing components in magnetic confinement fusion due to its advantages of removing impurities, protecting the solid surface directly against the plasma. However, it is a great challenge to overcome the magnetohydrodynamic effect on film flow and to realize the uniform spreading of film flow on a solid plate under the influence of an intense magnetic field in the nuclear fusion plant. In the present paper, based on the liquid GaInSn loop and the liquid lithium loop, we carry out experiments of liquid metal film flowing on the inclined electric conductive plate with the applied transverse magnetic field. The visualization method is adopted to observe the surface structures of film flow under different experimental conditions. By comparing the experimental results of liquid GaInSn and liquid lithium, we find that the characteristics of surface waves of liquid metal are the same as that of normal liquid without a magnetic field, namely the surface waves become chaotic with the increase of Reynolds number, while the characteristics change greatly under the influence of transverse magnetic field. The surface waves of liquid GaInSn film flow become quasi two-dimensional and parallel to the magnetic lines, while the liquid lithium film flow is nearly stagnated at a fixed position, indicating the existence of a strong magnetohydrodynamic resistance. Moreover, the stagnation point moves far away from the film generator at a larger Reynolds number. Finally, by analyzing the force loaded on the film, we make a detailed explanation of the phenomenon that the magnetohydrodynamic effect is much stronger on the liquid lithium flow than on the liquid GaInSn flow.
- liquid metal /
- film flow /
- surface waves /
- magnetic confinement fusion /
- magnetohydrodynamic

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参考文献(1)

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