爆炸对自然磁场干扰机理

栗建桥; 马天宝; 宁建国

doi:10.6052/0459-1879-18-081

爆炸对自然磁场干扰机理

doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-18-081

北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室, 北京 100081

基金项目: 1)国家自然科学基金资助项目(11772061, 11521062).

详细信息

作者简介:
2)宁建国, 教授, 主要研究方向: 爆炸力学, 冲击动力学. E-mail: jgning@bit.edu.cn

通讯作者:
宁建国

中图分类号: O383⁺.1,P318.1,O361.3;
计量
- 文章访问数: 1551
- HTML全文浏览量: 131
- PDF下载量: 315
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-03-19
- 刊出日期: 2018-09-18

MECHANISM OF EXPLOSION-INDUCED DISTURBANCE IN NATURAL MAGNETIC FIELD

State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 爆炸产生的电磁场对爆炸测试有较明显的干扰, 一些含金属炸药产生的电磁干扰甚至可以使设备失效, 为了给出爆炸产生电磁效应的理论分析方法和特性, 针对常规炸药爆炸过程中观察到的自然磁场扰动现象进行理论机理和数值模拟研究. 采用热平衡电离理论描述爆炸过程中产生的电离气体, 结合爆炸问题的数值模拟方法, 获得爆炸场中电导率的时空分布, 计算磁场扩散率; 基于非理想全磁流体力学方程求解一定磁扩散率下等离子体高速运动引起的自然磁场扰动, 实现爆炸产生磁场效应的二维模拟; 对比炸药不同起爆条件对产生磁场扰动的影响, 结果表明: 炸药起爆参数对磁场扰动有很大的影响, 这种影响源自于电导率的巨大差异, 虽然爆轰产物的高速运动有引起磁场大幅度扰动的能力, 然而只有具有一定电导率的爆轰气体才能冻结磁场扰动. 数值模拟结果与文献中的结果进行了对比, 模拟得到的由电磁波引起的磁场扰动在时间尺度上与文献结果符合较好, 从一定程度上证明了数值模拟方法的可靠性. 本文的数值模拟结果指出炸药几何构型不对称的时候, 在自然磁场取不同方向时将会产生不同的磁场扰动强度, 而这是目前该领域中尚且无人关注和讨论过的问题.
- 等离子体 /
- 非理想磁流体 /
- 爆炸 /
- 磁场扰动 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract: Electromagnetic effect generated by explosions has a significant influence on the explosion test. Some metallized explosives even disable the electronic equipment. The mechanism and numerical simulations are investigated to the magnetic disturbance of natural magnetic field observed during the conventional explosion for getting the theoretical model and the properties of the explosion-induced electromagnetic effect. The mechanism of the generated magnetic disturbance is proposed based on a thermodynamic equilibrium ionization model and the magnetic hydrodynamic (MHD) model considering magnetic diffusion. The magnetic disturbance is considered to be induced by the motion of the conductive detonation products in the geomagnetic field. The conductivity, which makes direct influence on the disturbance duration, is described by the ionization model. Combined with the MHD governing equations and the method utilized in explosion issues, two kinds of numerical simulations are performed to investigate the magnetic disturbance during explosions of rectangular explosive in different initial magnetic fields. It is found that the magnetic disturbances are extremely different in value while almost the same in distribution. The distributions of fluid and magnetic parameters are compared at the same time and a conclusion can be obtained that the same distribution of conductivity leads to a similar distribution of magnetic field. The conductivity of detonation products has a huge difference in space distribution and this makes the magnetic field diffused except in the region with high conductivity. Therefore, obvious magnetic disturbance can be only observed in the region of high conductivity. The difference of magnetic field in value is related to both the initial magnetic field and velocity of fluid and can be only extremely observed in the early stage of explosion. A magnetic disturbance induced by the electromagnetic wave generated in the explosion is simulated and compared with the result in reference. The comparison shows a good agreement in the time duration scale of the magnetic disturbance, which proves the reliability of the numerical method used in this paper. The influence of the configuration of explosives in the geomagnetic field on the magnetic disturbance is first considered and the difference in the magnetic disturbance is predicted. The above achievement has not been reported in the previous published investigations. The prediction proposed in this paper needs a further experimental verification and this will be the next stage of our investigation.
- plasmas /
- non-ideal MHD /
- explosion /
- magnetic disturbance /
- numerical simulation

HTML全文

参考文献(1)

[1]	戴晴, 李传胪, 陈国强等. 低温等离子体激励宽带电磁波信号的实验研究. 电子信息对抗技术, 2009, 24(5): 72-74
[1]	(Dai Qing, Li Chuanlu, Chen Guoqiang, et al.Experimental study of wideband electromagnetic radiation from plasma cloud. Electronic Information Warfare Technology, 2009, 24(5): 72-74 (in Chinese))
[2]	Kolsky H.Electromagnetic waves emitted on detonation of explosives. Nature, 1954, 173: 77
[3]	Cook MA.The Science of High Explosives. New York: Reinhold Publishing, 1958: 440
[4]	Boronin AP, Velmin VA, Medvedev YA, et al.Experimental study of the electromagnetic field in the near zone of explosions produced by solid explosives. Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki I Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki, 1968, 9(6): 99-103
[5]	Boronin AP, Kapinos VN, Krenev SA, et al.Physical mechanism of electromagnetic field generation during the explosion of condensed explosive charges. Combustion Explosion and Shock Waves, 1990, 26: 597-602
[6]	Walker CW. Observations of the electromagnetic signals from high explosive detonation. Lawrence Radiation Laboratory Report, 1970, UCRL-72150
[7]	van Lint VAJ. Electromagnetic emission from chemical explosions. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 1982, NS-29(6): 1844-1849
[8]	Soloviev SP, Surkov VV, Sweeney JJ.Quadrupolar electromagnetic field from detonation of high explosive charges on the ground surface. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2002, 107: B62119
[9]	Adushkin VV, Soloviev SP.Generation of electric and magnetic fields by area, surface, and underground explosions. Combustion Explosion and Shock Waves, 2004, 40(6): 649-657
[10]	Soloviev SP, Sweeney JJ.Generation of electric and magnetic field during detonation of high explosive charges in boreholes. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2005, 110: B01312
[11]	Fine JE. Estimates of the electromagnetic radiation from detonation of conventional explosives. Army Research Laboratory Report, 2001, ARL-TR-2447
[12]	Kuhl AL, White DA, Kirkendall BA.Kirkendall. Electromagnetic waves from TNT explosions. Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications, 2014, 6: 280-295
[13]	Srnka LJ.Spontaneous magnetic field generation in hypervelocity impacts//Lunar & Planetary Science Conference, 1977, 8: 785-792
[14]	陈生玉, 孙新利, 钱世平等. 化爆引起的电磁辐射. 爆炸与冲击, 1997, 17(4): 363-368
[14]	(Chen Shengyu, Sun Xinli, Qian Shiping, et al.Electromagnetic radiation caused by chemical explosion. Explosion and Shock Waves, 1997, 17(4): 363-368 (in Chinese))
[15]	曹景阳, 谢树果, 苏东林等. 航天火工品爆炸引起的电磁干扰测量. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2011, 37(11): 1384-1394
[15]	(Cao Jingyang, Xie Shuguo, Su Donglin, et al.Electromagnetic interference caused by aerospace explosives. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011, 37(11): 1384-1394 (in Chinese))
[16]	王长利, 李迅, 刘晓新等. 典型炸药爆炸过程的电磁辐射实验研究. 兵工学报, 2014, 35(S2): 188-192
[16]	(Wang Changli, Li Xun, Liu Xiaoxin, et al.The experimental research on the electromagnetic radiation aroused by detonation of explosive. Acta Armamentarii, 2014, 35(S2): 188-192 (in Chinese))
[17]	陈鸿, 何勇, 潘绪超等. 铝添加物对炸药爆轰过程中的电磁辐射影响实验研究. 科学发现, 2016, 4(6): 398-404
[17]	(Chen Hong, He Yong, Pan Xuchao, et al.Experimental research on the effect of aluminum additive on the electromagnetic radiation in detonation process. Science Discovery, 2016, 4(6): 398-404 (in Chinese))
[18]	Eichhorn G.Measurements of the light flash produced by high velocity particle impact. Planetary and Space Science, 1975, 23(11): 1519-1525
[19]	Lee N, Close S, Goel A, et al. Theory and experiments characterizing hypervelocity impact plasmas on biased spacecraft materials. Physics of Plasmas, 2013, 20(3): 032901
[20]	唐恩凌, 张庆明, 张健. 超高速碰撞LY12铝靶产生膨胀等离子体云的电导率测量. 强激光与粒子束, 2009, 21(2): 297-300
[20]	(Tang Enling, Zhang Qingming, Zhang Jian.Conductivity measurement of an expanding plasma cloud generated by hypervelocity impact LY12 aluminum target. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2009 21(2): 297-300 (in Chinese))
[21]	Lin L, Weng CS, Chen QZ, et al.Study on the effects of ionization seeds on pulse detonation characteristics. Aerospace Science and Technology, 2017, 71: 128-135
[22]	王年华, 张来平, 赵钟等. 基于制造解的非结构二阶有限体积离散格式的精度测试与验证. 力学学报, 2017, 49(3): 627-637
[22]	(Wang Nianhua, Zhang Laiping, Zhao Zhong, et al.Accuracy verification of unstructured second-order finite volume discretization schemes based on the method of manufactured solutions. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2017, 49(3): 627-637 (in Chinese))
[23]	马天宝, 任会兰, 李健等. 爆炸与冲击问题的大规模高精度计算. 力学学报, 2016, 48(3): 599-608
[23]	(Ma Tianbao, Ren Huilan, Li Jian, et al.Large scale high precision computation for explosion and impact problems. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2016, 48(3): 599-608 (in Chinese))
[24]	宁建国, 原新鹏, 马天宝等. 计算动力学中的伪弧长方法研究. 力学学报, 2017, 49(3): 703-715
[24]	(Ning Jianguo, Yuan Xinpeng, Ma Tianbao, et al.Pseudo arc-length numerical algorithm for computational dynamics. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2017, 49(3): 703-715 (in Chinese))
[25]	张树海. 加权紧致格式与WENO格式的比较研究. 力学学报, 2016, 48(2): 336-347
[25]	(Zhang Shuhai.The comparison of weighted compact schemes and WENO scheme. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2016, 48(2): 336-347 (in Chinese))
[26]	李海燕, 李志辉, 吕治国等. 自由活塞压缩管ALE方法数值模拟. 力学学报, 2016, 48(2): 348-352
[26]	(Li Haiyan, Li Zhihui, Lü Zhiguo, et al.Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian simulation of free piston compression tube. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2016, 48(2): 348-352 (in Chinese))
[27]	Kitamura K, Shima E.Pressure-equation-based SLAU2 for oscilla-tion-free, supercritical flow simulations. Computers and Fluids, 2018, 163: 86-96
[28]	Zeng QL, Aydemir NU, Lien FS, et al.Extension of staggered-grid-based AUSM-family schemes for use in nuclear safety analysis codes. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2017, 93: 17-32
[29]	Qu F, Sun D, Zou G, et al.An improvement on the AUSMPWM scheme for hypersonic heating predictions. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017, 108: 2492-2501
[30]	Min Daeho KH, Lee H, Lee CG, et al.Accurate and efficient computations of phase-changing flows in thermal vapor compressors. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 128: 320-334
[31]	Gao ZX, Xue HC, Zhang ZC, et al.Ahybrid numerical scheme for aeroheating computation of hypersonic reentry vehicles. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2018, 116: 432-444
[32]	Qu F, Sun D, Yan C.A new flux splitting scheme for the Euler equations II: E-AUSMPWAS for all speeds. Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simulat, 2018, 57: 58-79
[33]	Paillere H, Corre C, Cascalse JRG.On the extension of the AUSM+ scheme to compressible two-fluid models. Computers and Fluids, 2003, 32: 891-916
[34]	Phongthanapanich S.A parameter-free AUSM-based scheme for healing carbuncle phenomenon. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 2016, 38(3): 691-701
[35]	Zeng QL, Aydemir NU, Lien FS, et al.Comparison of implicit and explicit AUSM-family schemes for compressible multiphase flows. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 2015, 77: 43-61
[36]	Liou MS.A sequel to AUSM, Part II: AUSM+-up for all speeds. Journal of Computational Physics, 2006, 214: 137-170
[37]	Zha GC, Bilgen E.Numerical simulations of Euler equations by using a new flux splitting scheme. International Journal for Numerical Method in Fluids, 1993, 17: 115-144
[38]	刘成, 姜秀杰, 刘波等. 大气电导率测量技术的发展. 科技导报, 2010, 28(17): 95-99
[38]	(Liu Cheng, Jiang Xiujie, Liu Bo, et al.Progress of atmospheric electrical conductivity measurement technology. Science & Technology Review, 2010, 28(17): 95-99 (in Chinese))