COMPLEX DYNAMICS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM FOR INFORMATION PROCESSING AND ABNORMAL FUNCTIONS
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摘要: 神经系统通过电活动实现信息处理及生物功能，电活动的节律和时空行为是功能的动力学表征.神经电生理实验结合理论模型，借助于分岔揭示了外界激励、参数和噪声调控下的周期、混沌和随机等多样性的节律模式及其节律的复杂转迁规律，揭示了感觉神经对信息（如血压压力信号和痛觉信息）的节律编码机制，揭示了突触噪声扩大脑神经元的信息传递能力并对能力强弱进行了分类，结果可用于提高信息检测能力和指导镇痛；借助于单神经元节律的动力学——如分岔和簇放电节律的快慢动力学——解释了网络功能异常的时空行为，如药物调控脑皮层的螺旋波/癫痫和慢抑制耦合调控的运动网络的同步转迁/运动模式异常，结果给出了调控系统功能的途径；通过大数据分析获得自闭症患者的脑功能网络的时空行为特征——症状相关脑区的同步活动降低，给出了用于诊断的潜在指标.通过新实验发现、新建理论模型、新分析方法和新观点阐释，揭示了神经系统的复杂动力学，认识和解释了神经系统的信息处理机制和异常生物功能/疾病，具有重要科学意义和潜在应用价值.Abstract: The nervous systems achieve information processing and biological functions with dynamic electronic activities. The firing rhythms and spatiotemporal behaviour of nervous systems are the dynamical characteristics of the achievement of the functions. Combined electrophysiological experiments with theoretical models, diverse rhythm patterns such as periodic, chaotic, and stochastic firing patterns, and complex rhythm transition regularities modulated by the external signal, parameter, and noise were identified with help of the bifurcations. The rhythm information (blood pressure signal and pathological pain) coding mechanism for sensory nervous system and the effect and different classes of synaptic noise to enhance information transmission capability in single pyramidal neurons of the brain were identified. The results are helpful to enhance the ability to enhance information detection and provide guidance for analgesia. The drug-modulated spiral waves/epilepsy observed in the brain cortex and synchronization transitions of firing patterns/abnormal functions of motor network were interpreted with the dynamics of single neurons such as the bifurcations and the fast-slow dynamics of the bursting pattern, which provide the way to modulate the functions of the nervous system. The spatiotemporal behaviour of the functional network of brain of the patients with autism can be acquired with big-data analysis and it was that the synchronous degree between brain regions related to the symptoms of autism reduced, which may be used as the potential diagnostic criteria. The results of the present paper provide new experimental observations, new mathematical model, new analysis method, and new viewpoints, and present identification of the complex dynamics of nervous system and deep understanding for the information processing mechanism and abnormal biological functions/diseases, which are of important scientific values and potential applications.
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Key words:
- neural rhythm /
- spatiotemporal behaviour /
- nonlinear dynamics /
- neural coding /
- brain disease
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图 2 家兔减压神经在不同平均压力水平下的放电
Figure 2. Firing patterns at different mean levels of pressure blood of rabbit baroreceptor
图 5 Ca2+浓度降低引起的痛觉实验模型放电ISI和平均频率的变化
Figure 5. Changes of ISI and mean frequency of firings of the experimental model for pain with decreasing Ca2+ concentration
图 7 On-off节律 (上) 和对应不变圆鞍结分岔的随机节律 (下) 的特征
Figure 7. Characteristics of on-off firing (upper) and firing corresponding to saddle-node bifurcation on an invariant cycle (lower)
图 8 网络内Ⅰ型兴奋神经元数量比例增加诱发螺旋波
Figure 8. The spiral waves induced by increasing probability of neurons with type Ⅰ excitability
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