汽车侧面和斜碰撞中人体胸部损伤响应数值分析

王方; 杨济匡; 李桂兵; 周水庭; 韩勇; 李凡

doi:10.6052/0459-1879-15-265

汽车侧面和斜碰撞中人体胸部损伤响应数值分析

doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-15-265

王方^1,2,
杨济匡^2,3, ,,
李桂兵^2,4,
周水庭¹,
韩勇¹,
李凡²

1.
厦门理工学院机械与汽车工程学院, 厦门 361024
2. 湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室, 长沙 410082
3. 查尔摩斯理工大学应用力学系, 哥德堡 41296, 瑞典
4. 都柏林圣三一学院机械与制造工程系, 都柏林, 爱尔兰

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(31300784,51205117),厦门理工学院高层次人才科研项目(YKJ15006R)和福建省外专百人计划(闵人外专2015-79,B2015061)资助.

详细信息

通讯作者:
杨济匡,教授,主要研究方向:汽车碰撞安全与人体损伤生物力学.E-mail:jikuangyang@hnu.edu.cn

中图分类号: U461.91
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-07-15
- 修回日期: 2015-09-23
- 刊出日期: 2016-01-18

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF HUMAN THORACIC INJURY RESPONSES IN VEHICLE LATERAL AND OBLIQUE CRASHES

Wang Fang^1,2,
Yang Jikuang^{2,3
, ,},
Li Guibing^2,4,
Zhou Shuiting¹,
Han Yong¹,
Li Fan²

1.
School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
3. Department of Applied Mechanics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
4. Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

摘要

摘要: 车辆侧面和斜碰撞在导致乘员严重损伤的交通事故中占有相当大的比例, 但与正面碰撞事故研究相比仍缺少对车内乘员在侧面和斜碰撞中的胸部损伤生物力学的深入研究. 因此本文采用数值模型来分析这两种碰撞载荷下的人体胸部生物力学响应以及损伤相关的物理参数. 首先, 将自主开发验证的胸部、头颈部和下肢有限元模型相结合, 建立了一个完整的人体坐姿有限元模型;然后, 采用该坐姿模型模拟了文献中的7例尸体胸部侧面碰撞和斜碰撞实验;仿真计算获得的碰撞力、胸部变形量和力-变形等损伤相关的响应曲线都在对应的生物力学实验曲线走廊范围内;仿真与实验结果对比表明了坐姿模型的有效性;从仿真结果发现碰撞力峰值较接近于实验结果的较大值, 而变形量趋向于实验结果的较小值;同时, 侧面碰撞条件下所得到的碰撞力峰值比斜碰撞中稍大, 峰值出现的时刻较早;而侧面碰撞中胸部变形量峰值比斜碰撞中较小, 出现的时刻同样较早, 这与实验结果所呈现的趋势一致. 分析说明在相同载荷强度下侧面碰撞胸部耐受限度高于斜碰撞时的耐受限度. 该胸部有限元模型可较准确地再现侧面碰撞和斜碰撞生物力学实验中的胸部响应过程, 具有较好的生物逼真度, 可进一步用于侧面碰撞和斜碰撞中乘员胸部损伤生物力学研究.
- 人体胸部 /
- 有限元模型 /
- 斜碰撞 /
- 侧面碰撞 /
- 生物力学
Abstract: Vehicle lateral and oblique impacts account for a large proportion of traffic accidents resulting in serious occupant injuries. There is a lack of adequate investigations into the thoracic injury biomechanics in lateral and oblique impacts, compared to thoracic injuries in frontal impacts. Therefore, this article aims to study the biomechanical response and injury related parameters of the thorax under these two impact scenarios. First, an FE model of entire human body in sitting posture is established via combining previously developed FE models of the thorax, the head-neck and the lower extremities. Afterwards, the sitting human body FE model is used to simulate the 7 cadaver experiments by Shaw et al. in lateral and oblique impact to thorax. The calculated injury related response curves of the impact force, thorax deformation, and force-deformation are correspondingly within the biomechanical response curve corridors from experiments, which verified the validity of the sitting human body model. The peak value of impact force is close to the upper boundary of the test corridor, and the deformation approaches the lower boundary of the experimental results. Meanwhile, the peak of impact force from the lateral impact simulations is slightly larger than the resulting peak from oblique impact, and the peak of the timing is earlier. The peak of chest deformation in lateral impacts is smaller than that from the oblique impact, and the peak also appears earlier. This presents a trend consistent with the experimental results. Analysis shows that under the same intensity of impact load the thorax tolerance in lateral impact is higher than that in oblique impact. The thorax finite element model can accurately reproduce biomechanical response process in the lateral and oblique experiments. The model demonstrates good biofidelity to study the occupant thorax injury biomechanics.
- human thorax /
- finite element model /
- oblique impact /
- lateral impact /
- biomechanics

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参考文献(36)

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