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中文核心期刊

超声驱动下弹性腔体中双气泡动力学研究

RESEARCH ON DYNAMICS OF DOUBLE BUBBLES IN ELASTIC CAVITY DRIVEN BY ULTRASOUND

  • 摘要: 在超声空化的实际应用中,气泡可能处于空间较小的密闭腔体内。此时气泡所在液体无法视为无界液体,而气泡动力学行为也会受到腔体壁的影响。本文基于数值计算,讨论了球形腔体内双气泡动力学问题。重点研究了驱动声波声压幅值和频率、气泡平衡半径、气泡初始位置和腔体尺寸对两气泡移动和脉动的影响。研究表明,增大驱动声压幅值会加快两气泡移动速度,而当驱动频率较低或处于其他合适的频段时,气泡也会以较快速度移动。这表明可以通过调节驱动声波实现弹性腔体内气泡的操控。改变腔体尺寸进行气泡动力学分析,发现提高腔体外径引起的气泡移动速度变化规律较为复杂,但当外径达到一定尺寸后,对气泡移动的影响较小。而提高腔体内径总体上会使得气泡移动速度先加快后减慢。此外,两气泡初始位置和平衡半径也对气泡运动规律有较大影响,关于腔体球心对称且平衡半径相同的气泡接近速度较快。上述研究为密闭环境中气泡运动的精确操控提供了理论支持,有利于促进声空化在实际应用中的推广。

     

    Abstract: In practical applications of ultrasonic cavitation, bubbles may be confined within a small enclosed cavity. Under such conditions, the surrounding liquid cannot be treated as an unbounded medium, and the dynamic behaviors of the bubbles are influenced by the cavity walls. This study investigates the dynamics of two bubbles in a spherical cavity based on numerical simulations. The effects of driving sound pressure amplitude and frequency, bubble ambient radii, initial bubble positions, and the size of cavity on bubbles translation and pulsation are systematically examined. The results indicate that increasing the driving sound pressure amplitude accelerates the translational motions of bubbles. Additionally, when the driving frequency is low or within certain optimal ranges, the bubbles also exhibit faster translational velocities. These findings suggest that the manipulation of bubbles within an elastic cavity can be achieved by adjusting the driving ultrasound. Analysis of bubble dynamics under varying cavity dimensions reveals that increasing the outer radius of the cavity affects bubble velocities in a complex manner, but this impact diminishes once the outer radius exceeds a certain threshold. Conversely, increasing the inner radius of the cavity initially enhances the bubble translation speed but subsequently slows it down in general. Furthermore, the initial positions and ambient radii of the bubbles significantly influence their motions. Bubbles that are symmetrically positioned relative to the cavity center and have identical ambient radii exhibit fast approach velocities. This study provides a theoretical foundation for precisely controlling bubble motion in closed environments, and is conducive to promoting the practical application and popularization of acoustic cavitation.

     

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