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中文核心期刊

磨损-动力学耦合的含间隙航天铰链机构界面轮廓预测方法

A PREDICTION METHOD FOR THE INTERFACE PROFILE OF SPACE HINGE MECHANISMS WITH CLEARANCE CONSIDERING WEAR–DYNAMICS COUPLING

  • 摘要: 针对航天器微重力环境下含间隙铰链长寿命服役中的磨损-动力学耦合失效问题, 以含间隙曲柄摇杆机构为研究对象, 提出一种跨尺度磨损预测方法. 首先, 构建了磨损-动力学跨尺度耦合预测的总体框架, 阐述了宏观系统动力学与细观界面损伤的耦合演化流程. 其次, 采用多体动力学法和有限元法建立了含间隙机构的联合仿真模型, 获取铰链界面的瞬态动态特性, 并引入循环跳跃加速算法克服长寿命计算的瓶颈. 再者, 基于修正的Archard理论建立了铰链界面的细观磨损模型, 并通过地面真空微重力模拟实验对TC4钛合金界面的等效综合磨损系数完成了参数辨识. 将动力学模型与有限元磨损计算耦合, 建立了考虑瞬态冲击特性的铰链界面磨损轮廓预测模型. 最后, 以独立实验样本为案例, 对全寿命工况下铰链的失效磨损轮廓进行预测与验证, 并揭示了“偏载碰撞—疲劳剥落—间隙扩张—动能积累”的正反馈失效机理, 为空间机构的在轨抗磨损设计与寿命评估提供理论支持.

     

    Abstract: To address the problem of wear-dynamics coupling failure in revolute clearance joints during long-term service of spacecraft in microgravity environments, this study proposes a cross-scale wear prediction method using a revolute clearance joint-containing crank-rocker mechanism as the research subject. First, a general framework for cross-scale wear-dynamics coupling prediction was established, elucidating the coupled evolution process between macroscopic system dynamics and microscopic interface damage. Second, a coupled simulation model of the revolute clearance joint was developed using multi-body dynamics and finite element methods to obtain the transient dynamic characteristics of the hinge interface; a cyclic jump acceleration algorithm was introduced to overcome the computational bottleneck associated with long-duration simulations. Furthermore, a micro-scale wear model for the hinge interface was developed based on the modified Archard theory, and the parameters of the equivalent comprehensive wear coefficient for the TC4 titanium alloy interface were identified through ground-based vacuum microgravity simulation experiments. By coupling the dynamic model with finite element wear calculations, a wear profile prediction model for the hinge interface was established that accounts for transient impact characteristics. Finally, using independent experimental samples as case studies, the failure wear profiles of hinges under full-lifetime operating conditions were predicted and validated. The study revealed a positive-feedback failure mechanism characterized by “off-center impact - fatigue spalling - gap expansion - kinetic energy accumulation,” providing theoretical support for the in-orbit wear-resistant design and life assessment of space mechanisms.

     

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