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基于格子玻尔兹曼方法的含水合物多孔介质水力迂曲度与绝对渗透率演变机理研究

NUMERICAL STUDY ON HYDRAULIC TORTUOSITY AND ABSOLUTE PERMEABILITY OF HYDRATE-BEARING POROUS MEDIA BASED ON LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD

  • 摘要: 天然气水合物储层渗透性是控制海洋天然气水合物降压开采效率的关键因素, 但是目前对其绝对渗透率的准确预测仍然充满挑战. 本研究通过数值模拟方法, 系统探究了含天然气水合物多孔介质中水力迂曲度与绝对渗透率的演变规律, 揭示了水合物微观赋存形式对孔隙流场与渗流特性指标的影响. 具体地, 在二维多孔介质内采用随机生长算法, 模拟了颗粒表面型、孔隙中心型与弥散型三种赋存形态水合物的随机成核与生长过程, 再利用格子玻尔兹曼方法(LBM)开展了单相渗流模拟. 结果表明, 水力迂曲度随水合物饱和度增加的变化趋势受赋存形态影响显著, 并且孔隙中心型水合物在高成核频率下引起迂曲度非线性显著增长, 颗粒表面型水合物则表现为平缓上升; 归一化绝对渗透率随饱和度升高而显著下降, 弥散型水合物在低饱和度阶段导致渗透率急剧下降, 颗粒表面型水合物下降最为缓慢. 水合物微观赋存形态显著影响水力迂曲度与绝对渗透率的协同演变过程, 孔隙中心型水合物通过提升路径曲折度与堵塞喉道共同导致渗透率快速降低. 本研究揭示了水合物赋存形态与孔隙结构在渗流行为中的耦合机制, 为天然气水合物储层渗流评价与开采优化提供了理论支撑.

     

    Abstract: Accurate prediction of absolute permeability remains the central obstacle to efficient depressurization-based production of marine gas-hydrate reservoirs. Here we use pore-scale numerical experiments to quantify how hydraulic tortuosity and absolute permeability co-evolve in hydrate-bearing sediments and to clarify how the microscopic hydrate habit influences the pore-scale flow field. A random-growth algorithm was first employed in 2-D porous media to reproduce the stochastic nucleation and growth of grain-coating, pore-filling and dispersive hydrates; single-phase flow was then solved by the lattice Boltzmann method. The variation trend of tortuosity with increasing hydrate saturation (Sh) is affected by microscopic hydrate habit, but the rise is strongly non-linear for pore-filling hydrates under high nucleation frequency, whereas grain-coating hydrates produce a gentle, almost linear, ascent. Normalized absolute permeability decays significantly with Sh; dispersive hydrates cause the steepest drop at low saturations, whereas grain-coating hydrates exhibit the slowest decline. The microscopic hydrate habit thus governs the coupled evolution of tortuosity and permeability: pore-filling hydrates accelerate the loss of permeability by simultaneously lengthening flow paths and blocking pore throats. The results unveil the morphologically controlled interplay between hydrate occurrence and pore structure, providing a theoretical basis for permeability evaluation and production optimization of gas-hydrate reservoirs.

     

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