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变马赫数乘波体气动隐身一体化优化设计

INTEGRATED AERODYNAMIC-STEALTH OPTIMIZATION DESIGN OF VARIABLE-MACH-NUMBER WAVERIDERS

  • 摘要: 为综合提升宽速域变马赫数乘波体的气动与隐身性能, 构建了基于最优拉丁超立方采样、径向基函数代理模型与改进多目标遗传算法的多学科优化设计平台. 采用高精度数值模拟与物理光学法−矩量混合法分别评估气动特性与雷达散射截面积. 灵敏度分析表明, 半锥角 \delta 对升阻比影响最显著, 其增大导致升阻比下降; 高度分配系数 \phi 对电磁散射特性影响最显著, 其增大可使雷达散射截面积降低. 优化结果表明: 在来流马赫数10 ~ 30范围内, 优化构型升阻比较原始构型提升程度在4.03% ~ 4.72%之间; 在俯仰角 ±50°范围内, 优化构型全角度雷达散射截面积均值均下降, 其中俯仰角50°时降幅最大, 达18.16%, 典型0°俯仰角下平均雷达散射截面积由−32.51 dBsm降至−34.30 dBsm, 降幅为5.51%, 且关键侧向区域(偏航角30° ~ 60°, 120° ~ 150°)的散射峰值得到显著抑制, 全向隐身性能获得系统提升.

     

    Abstract: To comprehensively enhance the aerodynamic and stealth performance of wide-speed-range variable-Mach-number waveriders, a multidisciplinary optimization design platform was constructed based on optimal Latin hypercube sampling, radial basis function surrogate models, and an improved multi-objective genetic algorithm. High-fidelity numerical simulations and a hybrid physical optics-method of moments approach were employed to evaluate the aerodynamic characteristics and radar cross-section, respectively. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the half-cone angle \delta has the most significant impact on the lift-to-drag ratio, with an increase leading to a decline in the ratio; the height distribution coefficient \phi exerts the strongest influence on electromagnetic scattering characteristics, with its increase capable of reducing the radar cross-section. Optimization results show that within the inflow Mach number range of 10 ~ 30, the optimized configuration achieves an improvement in lift-to-drag ratio of 4.03% ~ 4.72% compared to the baseline. Over a pitch angle range of ±50°, the average radar cross-section of the optimized configuration decreases across all angles, with the maximum reduction of 18.16% occurring at a pitch angle of 50°. At the typical 0° pitch angle, the average radar cross-section decreases from −32.51 dBsm to −34.30 dBsm, a reduction of 5.51%. Moreover, scattering peaks in key lateral regions (yaw angles of 30° ~ 60° and 120° ~ 150°) are significantly suppressed, leading to a systematic improvement in all-aspect stealth performance.

     

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