失谐整体叶盘多模态振动抑制的吸振器阵列方法
A DYNAMIC VIBRATION ABSORBER ARRAY METHOD FOR MULTI-MODE VIBRATION MITIGATION OF MISTUNED INTEGRALLY BLADED DISK
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摘要: 整体叶盘是新一代高性能航空发动机的关键部件, 具有结构紧凑、重量轻和推重比高等优点, 但也存在结构阻尼低、模态密度高和随机失谐问题, 导致其通过共振区域时振幅大, 显著影响整体叶盘结构的可靠性和疲劳寿命.为有效抑制失谐整体叶盘的多模态振动, 提出一种由一系列吸振器环状布置而成的吸振器阵列减振方法, 通过设置多组匹配不同模态的吸振器, 实现对多模态共振峰值的抑制. 为揭示吸振器阵列方法的多模态减振机理, 采用具有代表性的集中参数模型构建整体叶盘−吸振器阵列系统的动力学分析模型, 结合解析形式的功率流分析方法, 分析吸振器质量、频率调谐精度、阻尼水平以及吸振器个数等关键参数对吸振器阵列减振性能的影响. 搭建了吸振器阵列方法验证实验台, 并通过实验验证了吸振器阵列方法的效果. 分析结果表明: 吸振器阵列方法能够有效控制叶片主导与叶片−轮盘耦合型模态, 能够以较小的质量实现对谐调与失谐整体叶盘多模态共振的高效抑制, 减振性能的鲁棒性较好.Abstract: Integrally bladed disks are the key components of new-generation high-performance aero-engines and have the advantages of compactness, light weight and high thrust-to-weight ratio. Nevertheless, integrally bladed disks also possess the characteristics of low structural damping, high modal density and random mistuning issues, which lead to large vibration amplitudes during passing through the resonant regions. These issues have significantly affected the reliability and fatigue life of integrally bladed disks. In order to effectively mitigate the large vibration amplitudes of mistuned integral blisk, a dynamic vibration absorber array method is developed. The dynamic vibration absorber array consists of a series of vibration absorbers, which are then divided into several series to target multiple different modes and reduce the resonant peaks. In order to reveal the multi-mode vibration mitigation mechanism of the dynamic vibration absorber array approach, a classical lumped parameter model with 3 degrees of freedom per sector is employed for the dynamic modeling of the integral blisk-dynamic vibration absorber array system. The analytic power flow approach is also adopted for quantifying the dissipation and transition of energy between different components and adjacent sectors. On this basis, the influences of the mass, frequency tuning accuracy and damping level of the vibration absorbers, as well as the number of absorbers, on the device’s vibration attenuation performance are comprehensively investigated. A test bench of integral blisk with 12 sectors is set up, and several dynamic vibration absorbers have been designed and manufactured. Experiment has been conducted to validate the effectiveness of the dynamic vibration absorber array approach. The results show that the dynamic vibration absorber array can effectively control the blade-dominant and blade-disk coupling modes. A device with very small mass can usually acquire satisfactory multi-mode vibration attenuation performance for tuned and mistuned integral blisk, and the robustness of performance is also very good.