Abstract: The propagation theory of one-dimensional detonation is complete and accurate, while prediction of two-dimensional oblique detonation propagation with large scale and high accuracy is still difficult primarily due to the treatment of wedge wall during the calculation and the modelling of viscosity. In this paper, the space-time correlation between two-dimensional steady oblique detonation induced by finite wedge and one-dimensional unsteady detonation supported by piston is investigated by numerical simulations of multi-species Euler equations with H₂-Air detailed chemical kinetics. The initiation and propagation process of detonation wave, together with its interaction with rarefaction waves are numerically analyzed from the perspective of both space and time. The results show that under the same overdriven degree, the wave structure, wall parameters and profile variation calculated from one-dimensional case fit well both qualitatively and quantitatively with two-dimensional case after a certain space-time transformation, which validates the space-time correlation between one- and two-dimensional detonation waves. The difference mainly lies in the transition process between different stages of detonation development, such as the transition from over-driven oblique detonation wave to near Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) oblique detonation wave under the effect of rarefaction waves. Since most features of oblique detonation waves over finite wedge can be obtained efficiently by one-dimensional numerical calculation of piston-driven detonation and space-time transformation, the present work provides a feasible way to understand the spatial structure of oblique detonations waves, including detonation initiation, formation of over-driven oblique detonation and cellular structure downstream. Besides, this paper also provides a novel method to distinguish the effect of wall compression and boundary layer by comparing one- and two-dimensional numerical results. Moreover, the results imply that two-dimensional flow field over wedges of different shapes can be obtained with satisfying accuracy by altering the velocity of piston, which greatly reduces the time, cost and complexity of numerical simulation during the design of combustion chamber in an oblique detonation wave engine.