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考虑SADA驱动的带挠性帆板航天器全耦合动力学

FULLY-COUPLED DYNAMICS FOR SPACECRAFT WITH FLEXIBLE SOLAR ARRAYS CONSIDERING SADA DRIVING

  • 摘要: 作为在轨航天器的重要发电装置, 太阳能帆板为了保持对日定向需要在帆板驱动机构 (solar array drive assembly, SADA) 的作用下连续转动. 太阳能帆板属于挠性部件, 其挠性运动会与中心刚体的位姿运动以及帆板的转动相互耦合, 影响航天器的稳定性和控制精度. 针对这一刚柔耦合多体动力学系统, 本文结合SADA的结构特点提出了一种全耦合动力学建模方法. 该方法可适用于单轴SADA和双轴SADA两种情况, 且支持帆板数量和安装方位的自由配置, 只需对所建动力学方程中的部分项进行适当调整即可. 根据动量定理和质点系相对于动点的动量矩定理, 以中心刚体质心为基准点, 分别建立了中心刚体的位置和姿态运动方程; 以帆板与中心刚体的连接点为基准点, 建立了帆板相对中心刚体的转动控制方程, 并进一步通过坐标变换将其投影到SADA的驱动轴上, 获得了更具实际意义的SADA驱动动力学方程. 建立了帆板的挠性运动方程, 然后为了简化模型使其更适用于指导解决实际问题, 通过数学变换将挠性运动方程与另外三个方程进行了解耦. 最后, 基于所提建模方法, 分别针对带单侧单轴驱动帆板、带单侧双轴驱动帆板和带双侧双轴驱动帆板的航天器建立了数学模型, 并将其与专业动力学软件进行了对比仿真, 证明了该建模方法的有效性.

     

    Abstract: As an important power generation device of on-orbit spacecraft, the solar arrays need to rotate continuously under the driving of the solar array drive assembly (SADA) to achieve the goal of sun-pointing. On the other hand, the solar arrays are flexible appendages, so their flexible vibration is coupled with the position and attitude motion of the rigid hub and the rotation of the solar arrays, which will deteriorate the stability and control precision of the spacecraft. For this rigid-flexible coupled multi-body dynamics system, this paper, taking into account the structural characteristics of SADA, proposes a fully-coupled dynamics modeling method. This method remains effective for both single-axis and dual-axis SADA, and is applicable to the case of arbitrary number and installation orientation of solar arrays. It only requires appropriate adjustments to certain terms in the established dynamics equations. Based on the momentum theorem and the moment of momentum theorem of multi-particle system for moving point, with the mass center of rigid hub being taken as the reference point, the position and attitude motion equations are established, respectively; with the connection point between solar array and rigid hub being taken as the reference point, the rotation control equation of the solar array relative to the rigid hub is established. Furthermore, through coordinate transformation, the rotation control equation is projected onto the driving axes of SADA, and the more practical driving dynamics equation of SADA is obtained. The flexible vibration equation of the solar array is also established, and to simplify the model and make it more suitable for serving actual problems, the flexible vibration equation is decoupled from the other three equations by mathematics transform. Finally, based on the proposed modeling method, the mathematical models are established for the spacecraft with one single-axis array, one dual-axis array and two dual-axis arrays, respectively. The comparison simulations between these three models and professional dynamics software are carried out, which validates the effectiveness of this modeling method.

     

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