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中文核心期刊

高速边界层多孔介质壁面渗流模型研究

RESEARCH ON SEEPAGE MODEL OF POROUS MEDIA SURFACE IN HIGH-SPEED BOUNDARY LAYERS

  • 摘要: 高速飞行器气动加热严重, 表面热流密度随着马赫数增加急剧升高, 需要对飞行器表面进行热防护. 发汗冷却作为一种有效的主动热防护方式成为目前研究的热点, 其中多孔介质壁面渗流是其中的关键问题之一. 本文针对多孔介质渗流与高速边界层外流耦合流动问题, 在多孔介质区域采用体积平均方法对多孔介质微结构进行体积平均得到可压缩Darcy-Forchheimer-Brinkman (D-F-B)方程, 通过变换转化为有源项Navier-Stokes (N-S)方程形式, 并针对局部非热平衡假设建立了多孔介质区域的能量方程, 提出了适用于高速主流及多孔介质渗流的单域统一计算框架. 针对Couette流动、高速边界层耦合多孔介质渗流等典型流动开展数值模拟, 探究了D-F-B方程描述的多孔介质模型的有效性. 结果显示, 基于D-F-B方程的多孔介质模型可以很好地模拟高速边界层多孔介质流动特性, 所得结果与解析解以及DNS结果吻合良好; D-F-B模型可以捕捉到多孔介质流动内部的非定常特性; 局部非热平衡假设下计算得到的多孔介质温度场比局部热平衡假设下的温度场更为准确. 相比于直接解析多孔介质的DNS方法, 基于D-F-B方程的渗流模型所需网格量大幅降低, 节省大量计算资源, 适合大规模数值模拟应用.

     

    Abstract: Due to the severe aerodynamic heating of high-speed aircraft, the surface heat flux rise sharply with the increase of Mach number, thus requiring thermal protection for the aircraft surface. Transpiration cooling, as an effective active thermal protection method, has become a current research hotspot, and the problem of porous medium seepage is one of the key issues. This study focuses on the coupled problem of porous medium seepage and high-speed boundary layer flow. In the porous medium region, the volume averaging method is used to average the porous medium microstructure, obtaining the compressible Darcy-Forchheimer-Brinkman (D-F-B) equations. With some transformation, the D-F-B equations are converted into a form similar to the Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations with additional source terms. Based on this, a single domain computational frame between the high speed main flow and porous media seepage is developed and numerical simulations of porous media Couette flow, porous medium seepage in high-speed boundary layer flows, etc. are carried out to explore the validity of the porous media model described by the D-F-B equations. The results show that the porous media model can simulate flow characteristics of the porous media, and the obtained results are in good agreement with the analytical solution and DNS results. Temperature fields of the porous medium based on the local thermal non-equilibrium hypothesis are more accurate than those based on the local thermal equilibrium hypothesis. Compared to the DNS of porous medium, the seepage model based on D-F-B equations can significantly reduce the number of grids, making it suitable for massive numerical simulation applications.

     

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