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基于气泡统一方程的水下爆炸气泡迁移特征参数影响规律研究

STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF MIGRATION CHARACTER PARAMETERS FOR UNDERWATER EXPLOSION BUBBLES BASED ON THE UNIFIED EQUATION FOR BUBBLE DYNAMICS

  • 摘要: 气泡统一方程能够高效描述考虑多种因素的球状气泡动力学行为, 但描述气泡迁移方程中的特征参数对于气泡行为的影响规律以及如何确定特征参数尚不明晰. 基于气泡统一方程建立了理论模型进行计算与“欧拉有限元”数值算法以及经典球状气泡理论模型进行对比, 并结合以下爆炸实验, 进一步验证了气泡统一方程的科学性以及相较于其他理论模型的优势. 在此基础上, 探究了迁移方程特征参数对自由场水下爆炸气泡动力学的影响规律. 研究表明, 拖曳力系数和附加质量系数对于气泡第一周期脉动的影响可忽略不计, 拖曳力系数相比于附加质量系数对气泡迁移的影响更具有主导作用. 当拖曳力系数较大时, 其对气泡迁移产生明显的阻碍效果, 反之不足以对气泡迁移提供阻碍效果. 附加质量系数对气泡迁移也是阻碍作用, 其对气泡迁移的影响近乎线性. 确定迁移特征参数需要围绕具体问题来分析, 基于研究结果并结合相似实验可以明确迁移特征参数, 并采用理论计算为水下爆炸实际工程应用提供指导与参考.

     

    Abstract: The unified bubble equation can describe the behavior of spherical bubble dynamics considering multiple factors efficiently, but it is still ambiguous to describe the influence of the characteristic parameters in the bubble migration equation on the behavior of bubbles as well as how to determine the characteristic parameters. In this paper, a theoretical model is established based on the unified equation of bubbles for computation, compared with the numerical algorithm of the "Euler finite element method" and the classic theoretical models of spherical bubbles, and together with the underwater explosion experiments to further verify the scientific validity of the unified equation of bubbles and the advantages over other theoretical models. On this basis, the influence of the characteristic parameters of the migration equation on the dynamics of free-field underwater explosion bubbles is investigated. It is shown that the drag force coefficient and the additional mass coefficient have negligible effects on bubble oscillation during the first period, while the drag force coefficient is more dominant than the additional mass coefficient on bubble migration. When the drag force coefficient is large, it has a significant barrier effect on bubble migration; on the contrary, it is not sufficient to provide a barrier effect. The additional mass coefficient is also a barrier to bubble migration, with a nearly linear effect. The determination of migration characteristic parameters needs to be analyzed around the specific problem, and based on the results of the study and combined with similar experiments, the migration characteristic parameters can be clarified, and then the theoretical computation can provide guidance and reference for the practical engineering applications of underwater explosions.

     

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