斜波压缩下锡的相变和层裂行为

种涛; 莫建军; 傅华; 李涛; 罗斌强

doi:10.6052/0459-1879-22-516

斜波压缩下锡的相变和层裂行为

doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-22-516

中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所, 四川绵阳 621900

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(11872347)

详细信息

通讯作者:
罗斌强, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为动高压实验加载技术和材料动力学. E-mail: lbq@mail.ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: O347.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-31
- 录用日期: 2022-12-15
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-16
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-04

PHASE TRANSITION AND SPALL BEHAVIOR OF TIN UNDER RAMP WAVE COMPRESSION

Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 获取不同热力学路径下锡的动态响应实验数据, 是深入研究其相变和损伤物理过程的基础. 利用小型磁驱装置CQ-4完成了金属锡的斜波加载实验, 获取了锡含有相变和层裂损伤物理信息的实验数据. 实验结果显示, 在加载段锡依次经历了弹塑性转变和β-γ相变两种物理过程, 屈服强度约0.194 GPa, 相变压力随着锡厚度的增加从7.54 GPa减小到7.14 GPa. 在卸载段出现了明显的层裂损伤, 层裂强度约1.1 GPa, 与相同加载压力下冲击实验结果有巨大差异, 层裂片厚度约0.38 mm. 结合由锡的多相Helmholtz自由能计算的多相状态方程、Hayes相变动力学方程和损伤度理论, 对斜波压缩实验过程进行一维流体动力学数值模拟, 计算结果可以很好描述锡的弹塑性转变、相变和层裂三个物理过程.
- 相变 /
- 多相状态方程 /
- 层裂 /
- 损伤度 /
- 斜波加载
Abstract: Obtaining the dynamic response experimental data of tin under different thermodynamic paths is the basis for in-depth study of its phase transition and damage physical process. The ramp wave compression experiment of tin was carried out by using magnetic driving loading device CQ-4, and the dynamic response data of tin were obtained. The experimental results show that in the loading section, tin undergoes elastic-plastic transformation and β-γ phase transition. The yield strength is about 0.2 GPa, and the phase transition onset pressure decreases from 7.54 GPa to 7.14 GPa with the increase of tin thickness. There is obvious spallation damage in the unloading section. The spallation strength is about 1.1 GPa, which is greatly different from the impact test results under the same loading pressure. The thickness of the spallation is about 0.38 mm. Combined with the multiphase equation of state based on Helmholtz free energy, nonequilibrium phase strain rate model and damage evolution equation, the experimental dynamic process is numerically simulated. The calculation results can well describe the three physical processes of elastic-plastic transformation, phase transition and spallation.
- phase transition /
- multiphase equation of state /
- spallation /
- damage degree /
- ramp wave loading

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图 1 磁驱动加载原理及样品布局

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of magnetically driven ramp wave loading and layout of the samples

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图 2 实验速度曲线

Figure 2. Experimental velocity curve

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图 3 计算和实验数据

Figure 3. The calculated and experimental data

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图 4 数值计算结果

Figure 4. The calculated data

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图 5 不同热力学平面锡的等熵线

Figure 5. Quasi isentropic lines of tin in different thermodynamic planes

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表 1 实验条件

Table 1. Experimental condition

Exp. no.	Position	Material	Size/mm
	1	Al	1.006 × 8.0 × 23.0
	1	Tin	Ф8.0 × 1.285
	2	Al	1.005 × 8.0 × 23.0
shot714	2	Tin	Ф8.0 × 1.551
	3	Al	1.000 × 8.0 × 23.0
	3	LiF	Ф7.9 × 4.013
	4	Al	0.998 × 8.0 × 23.0
	4	Tin	Ф8.0 × 1.873

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表 2 速度波剖面上的特征值

Table 2. The typical characteristic physical variables in the wave profiles

	1.285 mm	1.551 mm	1.873 mm
u_EP/(m·s⁻¹)	40.40	40.80	39.50
u_PT/(m·s⁻¹)	670.30	655.00	639.0
P_PT /GPa	7.54	7.34	7.14
T/μs	0.28	0.29	0.29
Δu/(m·s⁻¹)	120.09	134.21	119.21
σ_s/GPa	1.10	1.20	1.10
T₀₂/μs	0.30	0.29	0.29

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表 3 锡的Helmholtz自由能参数^[20-21,23]

Table 3. The parameters of Helmholtz free energy of Tin^[20-21,23]

	β	γ
V_R/(m³·kg⁻¹)	1.372×10⁻⁴	1.198×10⁻⁴
T_R/K	298.15	298.15
P_R/GPa	0.0	8.664
$ \varTheta ({V_R}) $/K	180.91	187.77
q₁	1.6	1.38
B_R/GPa	58.0	78.1
$B_R^{'} $	2.8	3.2
Φ₀(V_R)/(J·kg⁻¹)	0.0	8.49×10⁴
Γ(V_R) /(J·kg⁻¹·K⁻²)	1.5×10⁻²	1.5×10⁻²
α	1.0	1.0

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表 4 锡的Steinberg模型^[20,30]和损伤演化方程参数

Table 4. Steinberg model^[20,30] and damage evolution equation parameters of Tin

τ /ns	Y₀/GPa	β	$ {\varepsilon _i} $	n	A/GPa⁻¹
6.0	0.2	2000	0	0.06	8.66

B/K⁻¹	N	a	σ₀/GPa	λ	D_c
2.12×10⁻³	30.0	7.0×10⁵	0.18	4.5	0.1

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