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中文核心期刊

航天器板状空间桁架高阶等效动力学建模与分析

HIGH-ORDER EQUIVALENT PLATE DYNAMIC MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SPACECRAFT PLATE-LIKE SPACE TRUSSES

  • 摘要: 针对航天器板状空间桁架弦杆与腹杆刚度差异导致传统等效板模型固有频率预测偏高、高阶振型失真等问题, 提出一种基于三阶位移场的高阶等效板动力学建模方法. 首先, 构造适用于周期性航天器板状空间桁架的无约束三阶位移场, 建立离散节点位移与连续体位移场之间的映射关系; 其次, 基于能量等效原理推导桁架胞元应变能与动能表达式, 建立同时表征拉压、弯曲、横向剪切、厚度伸缩及其耦合效应的等效刚度矩阵和等效惯性矩阵, 并结合静力凝聚与哈密顿原理建立自由振动控制方程; 最后, 以10 × 10和6 × 6四面体胞元阵列桁架为算例, 对所建模型进行验证, 并进行参数敏感度分析. 结果表明: 本文模型对两类算例前若干阶固有频率的平均绝对相对误差分别为1.21%和1.98%, 明显低于一阶剪切等效模型的5.23%和6.41%, 且能够更准确地表征高阶模态振型. 在单边固支点力激励工况下, 本文模型能够较准确地预测结构频响函数和时域响应特征, 其共振峰位置与响应幅值与精细有限元结果吻合较好. 敏感度分析表明, 弦杆长度是影响板状空间桁架动力学特性的主导几何参数. 所提方法在保持较低模型维度的同时提高了动力学预测精度, 可为航天器板状空间桁架的动力学分析、参数优化及在轨振动控制建模提供参考.

     

    Abstract: A high-order equivalent plate dynamic modeling method based on a third-order displacement field is proposed to address the overprediction of natural frequencies and distortion of higher-order mode shapes in conventional equivalent plate models, which arise from the stiffness difference between chord and web members in spacecraft plate-like space trusses. First, an unconstrained third-order displacement field suitable for periodic spacecraft plate-like space trusses is constructed, and the mapping between discrete nodal displacements and the continuum displacement field is established. Then, based on the principle of energy equivalence, the strain energy and kinetic energy expressions of the truss unit cell are derived. Equivalent stiffness and inertia matrices that simultaneously characterize tension/compression, bending, transverse shear, thickness stretching, and their coupling effects are formulated, and the governing equation of free vibration is established by combining static condensation with Hamilton's principle. The proposed model is validated using 10 × 10 and 6 × 6 tetrahedral unit cell array trusses as numerical examples, and a parameter sensitivity analysis is performed. The results show that the mean absolute relative errors of the first several natural frequencies predicted by the present model for the two cases are 1.21% and 1.98%, respectively, which are significantly lower than those of the first-order shear deformation equivalent model (5.23% and 6.41%). Moreover, the present model can capture higher-order mode shapes more accurately. Under a cantilever boundary condition with point force excitation, the model can predict the structural frequency response function and time-domain response characteristics with good accuracy, and the resonance peak locations and response amplitudes agree well with those obtained from refined finite element models. The sensitivity analysis indicates that the chord length is the dominant geometric parameter influencing the dynamic characteristics of the plate-like space truss. The proposed method improves dynamic prediction accuracy while maintaining low model dimensionality, and can serve as a reference for dynamic analysis, parameter optimization, and on-orbit vibration control modeling of spacecraft plate-like space trusses.

     

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