Abstract: Particle reinforced copper matrix composites have high strength, elastic modulus, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity and wear resistance, they are widely used in aerospace, rail transit, equipment manufacturing and other fields. In particle reinforced composites, the dislocation movement is prevented by small dispersed particles in the alloy, thus effectively improving the mechanical properties of metallic materials and enhancing their service safety. In this paper, the three-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics (3D-DDD) method was used to simulate the compression of particles reinforced copper matrix composites micro-pillar. The influence of the dislocation-precipitate interaction on the mechanical response of the material was analyzed to reveal the microscopic mechanism of the precipitation strengthening. In this study, the precipitate was regarded as a spherical particle with an impenetrable surface. The dislocation bypass mechanism was used to simulate the interaction between the precipitates and the dislocations. By changing the relative distance of dislocation slip plane against the center of spherical particle, it is found that when the distance is zero, the yield strength and the subsequent strain hardening rate are the highest. As the slip plane is far away from the center of spherical particle, the yield strength and the strain hardening rate decreases. The study also found that the higher the Schmid factor, the lower the yield strength and the lower strain hardening rate. In the simulation of multiple dislocations, it was found that the reaction of dislocations in same slip planes and the interaction of dislocations in different slip systems may be responsible for the reduction of the yield strength and the strain hardening rate.